# BBG Chapter 31 — Subjunctive Parsing

Basics of Biblical Greek Grammar, Mounce, 4th Edition

Parse the underlined subjunctive (tense / voice / person / number / mood / lexical form), identify its use, and translate.

## Part A — Purpose Clauses with ἵνα (1–6)

# | Greek Text | Tense | Voice | Person | Num | Lexical | Use | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | ἦλθεν ἵνα σώσῃ τὸν κόσμον. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Sg · σῴζω · Purpose (ἵνα) · "He came in order to save the world." |
2 | πέμψω αὐτὸν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἵνα παρακαλέσῃ ὑμᾶς. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Sg · παρακαλέω · Purpose (ἵνα) · "I will send him to you so that he might encourage you." |
3 | ταῦτα γέγραπται ἵνα πιστεύητε ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 2nd · Pl · πιστεύω · Purpose (ἵνα) · "These things were written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ." (cf. John 20:31) |
4 | οὐκ ἦλθον ἵνα κρίνω τὸν κόσμον. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 1st · Sg · κρίνω · Purpose (ἵνα) · "I did not come in order to judge the world." (John 12:47) |
5 | ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν αὐτούς. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Pl · ἀποκτείνω · Purpose negated (ἵνα μή) · "It was given to them so that they might not kill them." |
6 | τοῦτο λέγω ἵνα χαρᾶτε καὶ ἡ χαρὰ ὑμῶν πληρωθῇ. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Pass · 3rd · Sg · πληρόω · Purpose (ἵνα) · "I say this so that you may rejoice and your joy may be fulfilled." (cf. John 16:24) |

## Part B — Third Class Conditionals with ἐάν (7–10)

# | Greek Text | Tense | Voice | Person | Num | Lexical | Use | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
7 | ἐὰν ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, πιστός ἐστιν. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 1st · Pl · ὁμολογέω · 3rd class conditional (ἐάν) · "If we confess our sins, he is faithful." (1 John 1:9) |
8 | ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 1st · Pl · λέγω · 3rd class conditional (ἐάν) · "If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves." (1 John 1:8) |
9 | ἐὰν τις ἁμάρτῃ, παράκλητον ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Sg · ἁμαρτάνω · 3rd class conditional (ἐάν) · "If anyone should sin, we have an advocate before the Father." (1 John 2:1) |
10 | ἐὰν πιστεύσῃς, ὄψῃ τὴν δόξαν τοῦ θεοῦ. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 2nd · Sg · πιστεύω · 3rd class conditional (ἐάν) · "If you believe, you will see the glory of God." (John 11:40) |

## Part C — Hortatory Subjunctive (11–13)

# | Greek Text | Tense | Voice | Person | Num | Lexical | Use | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
11 | ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους, ὅτι ἡ ἀγάπη ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐστίν. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 1st · Pl · ἀγαπάω · Hortatory · "Let us love one another, because love is from God." (1 John 4:7) |
12 | προσέλθωμεν οὖν μετὰ παρρησίας τῷ θρόνῳ τῆς χάριτος. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 1st · Pl · προσέρχομαι · Hortatory · "Let us therefore approach the throne of grace with boldness." (Heb 4:16) |
13 | χαίρωμεν καὶ ἀγαλλιῶμεν καὶ δῶμεν τὴν δόξαν αὐτῷ. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 1st · Pl · χαίρω · Hortatory · "Let us rejoice and exult and give glory to him." (Rev 19:7) |

## Part D — Prohibition (14–16)

# | Greek Text | Tense | Voice | Person | Num | Lexical | Use | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
14 | μὴ νομίσητε ὅτι ἦλθον καταλῦσαι τὸν νόμον. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 2nd · Pl · νομίζω · Prohibition (μή + aor. subj.) · "Do not think that I came to abolish the Law." (Matt 5:17) |
15 | μὴ φοβηθῇς, Μαριάμ· εὗρες γὰρ χάριν παρὰ τῷ θεῷ. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Pass · 2nd · Sg · φοβέομαι · Prohibition (μή + aor. subj.) · "Do not be afraid, Mary; for you have found favor with God." (Luke 1:30) |
16 | μὴ κρίνητε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 2nd · Pl · κρίνω · Prohibition (μή + pres. subj.) · "Do not judge, so that you may not be judged." (Matt 7:1) |

## Part E — Indefinite and Emphatic Denial (17–20)

# | Greek Text | Tense | Voice | Person | Num | Lexical | Use | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
17 | ὃς ἂν θέλῃ μέγας γενέσθαι ἐν ὑμῖν, ἔσται ὑμῶν διάκονος. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Pres · Act · 3rd · Sg · θέλω · Indefinite relative (ὃς ἄν) · "Whoever wishes to become great among you shall be your servant." (Mark 10:43) |
18 | ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ἄρα εὑρήσει τὴν πίστιν; |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Sg · ἔρχομαι · Indefinite temporal (ὅταν) · "But when the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on the earth?" (Luke 18:8) |
19 | οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 2nd · Pl · εἰσέρχομαι · Emphatic denial (οὐ μή) · "You will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven." (Matt 5:20) |
20 | οὐ μὴ παρέλθῃ ἡ γενεὰ αὕτη ἕως ἂν πάντα ταῦτα γένηται. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Aor · Act · 3rd · Sg · παρέρχομαι · Emphatic denial (οὐ μή) · "This generation will absolutely not pass away until all these things happen." (Matt 24:34) |