# Chapter 12 — αὐτός Parsing and Use Identification Drill

BBG Chapter 12 · αὐτός

For each item, parse αὐτός: Case (N/G/D/A), Number (S/P), Gender (M/F/N), and Use (PP / INT / SAME).

Code | Use | Position clue
--- | --- | ---
PP | Personal Pronoun — "him/her/it/them" | Oblique case; αὐτός stands alone (no article before it modifying a noun)
INT | Intensive Adjective — "himself/herself" | Predicate position: αὐτός near article-noun but NO article directly before αὐτός
SAME | Identical Adjective — "the same" | Attributive position: article DIRECTLY before αὐτός

Decision rule: (1) Is there an article directly before αὐτός? → SAME. (2) Is αὐτός next to an article-noun phrase but with no article directly before it? → INT. (3) Otherwise (oblique, standing alone) → PP.

# | Greek Phrase | Case | Number | Gender | Use (PP/INT/SAME) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | λέγει αὐτῷ |  |  |  |  |
D · S · M · PP — "he says to him"
2 | αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος |  |  |  |  |
N · S · M · INT — "the Lord himself" — predicate position
3 | ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος |  |  |  |  |
N · S · M · SAME — "the same word" — article before αὐτός
4 | βλέπω αὐτόν |  |  |  |  |
A · S · M · PP — "I see him"
5 | αὐτὴ ἡ γυνή |  |  |  |  |
N · S · F · INT — "the woman herself"
6 | ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τόπῳ |  |  |  |  |
D · S · M · SAME — "in the same place"
7 | ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς |  |  |  |  |
D · P · M · PP — "he gave to them"
8 | αὐτοὶ οἱ μαθηταί |  |  |  |  |
N · P · M · INT — "the disciples themselves"
9 | τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα |  |  |  |  |
N · S · N · SAME — "the same spirit"
10 | ἤκουσαν αὐτῆς |  |  |  |  |
G · S · F · PP — "they heard her"
11 | αὐτὸς Ἰησοῦς |  |  |  |  |
N · S · M · INT — "Jesus himself" (predicate position; cf. John 4:2)
12 | ἡ αὐτὴ ἐντολή |  |  |  |  |
N · S · F · SAME — "the same commandment"
13 | ἀπέστειλεν αὐτούς |  |  |  |  |
A · P · M · PP — "he sent them"
14 | ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ |  |  |  |  |
G · S · M · PP — "his word" (genitive of possession)
15 | αὐτὴ εἶπεν |  |  |  |  |
N · S · F · INT — "she herself said" (emphatic subject)
16 | τῆς αὐτῆς χάριτος |  |  |  |  |
G · S · F · SAME — "of the same grace"
17 | εἶδεν αὐτά |  |  |  |  |
A · P · N · PP — "he saw them"
18 | αὐτοὶ ἐλάλησαν |  |  |  |  |
N · P · M · INT — "they themselves spoke" (emphatic subject)
19 | τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀδελφοῖς |  |  |  |  |
D · P · M · SAME — "to the same brothers"
20 | πιστεύει εἰς αὐτήν |  |  |  |  |
A · S · F · PP — "he believes in her/it"