# BBG Chapter 18 — Present Middle/Passive Indicative Parsing Drill

Parse each verb (person, number, lexical form), identify the voice (Middle / Passive / Deponent), and translate. Context clues are provided in italics. Click ▶ Answer to check.

# | Form | Context clue | Person | Number | Lexical form | Voice | Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | λύομαι | (no context) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1st · Sg · λύω | Middle or Passive | "I am loosing for myself" (M) / "I am being loosed" (P) — paradigm form; ambiguous without context
2 | λύῃ | (no context) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Sg · λύω | Middle/Passive | "You are loosing for yourself / you are being loosed" — -σαι → -ῃ by contraction
3 | λύεται | ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · λύω | Passive | "He/she is being loosed" — ὑπό + genitive agent confirms passive voice
4 | λυόμεθα | (no context) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1st · Pl · λύω | Middle/Passive | "We are loosing for ourselves / we are being loosed"
5 | λύεσθε | (no context) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Pl · λύω | Middle/Passive | "You (pl.) are loosing for yourselves / are being loosed"
6 | λύονται | ὑπὸ αὐτοῦ |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Pl · λύω | Passive | "They are being loosed" — ὑπό + genitive confirms passive
7 | ἔρχεται DEP | πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · ἔρχομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "He/she comes / is coming" — John 3:2 context
8 | ἔρχομαι DEP | (speaker moving) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1st · Sg · ἔρχομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "I am coming / I come"
9 | γίνεται DEP | σάρξ (flesh) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · γίνομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "He/she/it becomes" — "the Word becomes flesh" (John 1:14 concept)
10 | πορεύεσθε DEP | (command context) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Pl · πορεύομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "Go! / You go" — Matt 28:19 context (πορεύθέντες in text but this form is present)
11 | ἀποκρίνεται DEP | ὁ Ἰησοῦς |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · ἀποκρίνομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "Jesus answers / is answering" — always deponent in NT
12 | προσεύχεσθε DEP | (2nd pl, instruction) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Pl · προσεύχομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "You (pl.) pray / are praying"
13 | δέχονται DEP | τοὺς ἀγγέλους |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Pl · δέχομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "They receive / accept the angels" — deponent; accusative object shows active meaning
14 | βαπτίζεται | ὑπὸ Ἰωάννου |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · βαπτίζω | Passive | "He/she is being baptized (by John)" — ὑπό + genitive agent confirms passive (Mark 1:9)
15 | βούλομαι DEP | (speaker expressing will) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1st · Sg · βούλομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "I want / I wish" — deponent; lexical form -ομαι
16 | ἐρχόμεθα DEP | (we are going) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1st · Pl · ἔρχομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "We are coming / we go"
17 | πορεύῃ DEP | (you are going) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Sg · πορεύομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "You are going / you go" — -σαι → -ῃ
18 | γίνεσθε DEP | (become!) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2nd · Pl · γίνομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "You (pl.) become / be!" — deponent
19 | λύεται | (no agent given) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Sg · λύω | Middle or Passive (ambiguous) | "He looses for himself" (M) / "He is being loosed" (P) — without ὑπό, either is possible
20 | ἀσπάζονται DEP | (they greet) |  |  |  |  |  |
| 3rd · Pl · ἀσπάζομαι | Deponent (active meaning) | "They greet" — deponent

Deponent rule: If the lexical form ends in -ομαι, the verb is deponent — parse as Middle/Passive but translate with an active English meaning. Never translate a deponent passively unless context demands it.
Passive indicator: ὑπό + genitive in the same clause strongly indicates passive voice.