# Subjunctive Use Classification Drill

*BBG Chapter 31 · Hortatory · Purpose · Conditional · Deliberative · Indefinite*

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## Instructions

For each item below:
1. Classify the **use** of the subjunctive using the code below.
2. Parse **person** and **number** of the subjunctive verb.
3. Give the **lexical form** (1st sg present active indicative).
4. Provide an English **translation**.

**Use codes:**
- **HO** — Hortatory subjunctive ("Let us …")
- **PU** — Purpose clause (ἵνα / ὅπως + subjunctive)
- **CO** — 3rd-class conditional (ἐάν + subjunctive)
- **IN** — Indefinite relative clause (ὅς ἐάν / ὅπου ἐάν + subjunctive)
- **DE** — Deliberative subjunctive ("What should we …?")
- **FS** — Fear statement (φοβέομαι / φοβοῦμαι μή + subjunctive)

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## Exercise Table

| # | Greek Clause | Use Code | Person | Number | Lexical Form | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους | | | | | |
| 2 | ἵνα πιστεύσητε | | | | | |
| 3 | ἐὰν εἴπω ὑμῖν | | | | | |
| 4 | ὅς ἐὰν ἀκούσῃ | | | | | |
| 5 | τί ποιήσωμεν | | | | | |
| 6 | ἵνα σωθῶσιν | | | | | |
| 7 | μὴ φοβηθῶμεν | | | | | |
| 8 | ἐὰν ὁμολογήσῃ | | | | | |
| 9 | ὅπου ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃ | | | | | |
| 10 | ποῦ ὑπάγω | | | | | |
| 11 | ἵνα γνῶτε | | | | | |
| 12 | εἰσέλθωμεν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν | | | | | |
| 13 | ἐὰν μὴ φάγητε | | | | | |
| 14 | ὃς ἐὰν ποιήσῃ τὸ θέλημα | | | | | |
| 15 | ἵνα πλησθῶσιν | | | | | |
| 16 | πῶς σωθῶμεν | | | | | |
| 17 | φοβοῦμαι μὴ πλανηθῆτε | | | | | |
| 18 | ἵνα ζήσωσιν | | | | | |
| 19 | ἐὰν ᾖ ἀγαθός | | | | | |
| 20 | ἄγωμεν ἐκεῖθεν | | | | | |

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## Discussion Questions

1. Hortatory subjunctives (items 1, 7, 12, 20) are all 1st plural. Is this a grammatical requirement or a functional coincidence? Can there be a hortatory 2nd person? Give a reason why the 1st person is overwhelmingly dominant in this use.

2. Items 3, 8, 13, 19 are 3rd-class conditionals (ἐάν + subjunctive). What does the 3rd class signal about the speaker's assumption regarding the likelihood of the condition? Compare with 1st class (εἰ + indicative).

3. Item 17 uses μή + subjunctive after φοβοῦμαι. This is the "fear clause" construction. How does the meaning differ from μή + subjunctive as a simple prohibition? Write the prohibition form of "do not be led astray" and contrast.

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## Answer Key

| # | Clause | Use | Person | Number | Lexical Form | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους | HO | 1st | Pl | ἀγαπάω | Let us love one another |
| 2 | ἵνα πιστεύσητε | PU | 2nd | Pl | πιστεύω | In order that you may believe |
| 3 | ἐὰν εἴπω ὑμῖν | CO | 1st | Sg | λέγω | If I say to you |
| 4 | ὅς ἐὰν ἀκούσῃ | IN | 3rd | Sg | ἀκούω | Whoever hears |
| 5 | τί ποιήσωμεν | DE | 1st | Pl | ποιέω | What should we do? |
| 6 | ἵνα σωθῶσιν | PU | 3rd | Pl | σῴζω | In order that they might be saved |
| 7 | μὴ φοβηθῶμεν | HO | 1st | Pl | φοβέομαι | Let us not fear |
| 8 | ἐὰν ὁμολογήσῃ | CO | 3rd | Sg | ὁμολογέω | If he confesses |
| 9 | ὅπου ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃ | IN | 3rd | Sg | εἰσέρχομαι | Wherever he enters |
| 10 | ποῦ ὑπάγω | DE | 1st | Sg | ὑπάγω | Where am I going? / where should I go? |
| 11 | ἵνα γνῶτε | PU | 2nd | Pl | γινώσκω | In order that you may know |
| 12 | εἰσέλθωμεν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν | HO | 1st | Pl | εἰσέρχομαι | Let us enter into the rest |
| 13 | ἐὰν μὴ φάγητε | CO | 2nd | Pl | ἐσθίω | Unless you eat |
| 14 | ὃς ἐὰν ποιήσῃ τὸ θέλημα | IN | 3rd | Sg | ποιέω | Whoever does the will |
| 15 | ἵνα πλησθῶσιν | PU | 3rd | Pl | πληρόω | In order that they might be filled |
| 16 | πῶς σωθῶμεν | DE | 1st | Pl | σῴζω | How can we be saved? |
| 17 | φοβοῦμαι μὴ πλανηθῆτε | FS | 2nd | Pl | πλανάω | I fear that you may be led astray |
| 18 | ἵνα ζήσωσιν | PU | 3rd | Pl | ζάω | In order that they might live |
| 19 | ἐὰν ᾖ ἀγαθός | CO | 3rd | Sg | εἰμί | If he is good |
| 20 | ἄγωμεν ἐκεῖθεν | HO | 1st | Pl | ἄγω | Let us go from there |

### Use Code Summary

| Code | Use | Count | Items |
|---|---|---|---|
| HO | Hortatory | 4 | #1, #7, #12, #20 |
| PU | Purpose | 5 | #2, #6, #11, #15, #18 |
| CO | 3rd-class conditional | 4 | #3, #8, #13, #19 |
| IN | Indefinite relative | 3 | #4, #9, #14 |
| DE | Deliberative | 3 | #5, #10, #16 |
| FS | Fear statement | 1 | #17 |
