# Chapter 27 — Qal–Hiphil Contrast Drill (Weak Verbs)

BBH Chapter 27 · Hiphil Weak Verbs
Instructions: For each item: (1) write an English translation of the Hiphil form; (2) name the semantic function (Causative / Factitive / Declarative / Simple Action); (3) explain in one sentence why the Hiphil meaning follows from the Qal. Click ▶ Answer to reveal each row.

## Part A — I-י / I-נ Weak Roots

# | Root | Qal Meaning | Hiphil Form | Conj | Ref | Translation | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | יָדַע | to know | הוֹדִיעַ | Perfect 3ms | Deu 4:9 |  |  |
1 | יָדַע | to know | הוֹדִיעַ | Perfect 3ms | Deu 4:9 | he made known / declared | Causative | Causing others to know; Qal = to know
2 | יָצָא | to go out | הוֹצִיא | Perfect 3ms | Gen 15:7 |  |  |
2 | יָצָא | to go out | הוֹצִיא | Perfect 3ms | Gen 15:7 | he brought out | Causative | God caused Abram to exit Ur; Qal = go out
3 | יָשַׁב | to sit, dwell | הוֹשִׁיב | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 47:11 |  |  |
3 | יָשַׁב | to sit, dwell | הוֹשִׁיב | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 47:11 | he settled them (in the land) | Causative | Joseph caused his family to dwell; Qal = to sit/dwell
4 | נָפַל | to fall | הִפִּיל | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 2:21 |  |  |
4 | נָפַל | to fall | הִפִּיל | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 2:21 | he caused to fall / cast down | Causative | God caused deep sleep to fall on Adam; Qal = fall
5 | נָגַשׁ | to draw near | הִגִּישׁ | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 43:31 |  |  |
5 | נָגַשׁ | to draw near | הִגִּישׁ | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 43:31 | he set before them / brought near | Causative | Joseph caused food to be set before them; Qal = draw near

## Part B — Hollow Roots (I/II-ו/י)

# | Root | Qal Meaning | Hiphil Form | Conj | Ref | Translation | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
6 | בּוֹא | to come, go in | הֵבִיא | Perfect 3ms | Gen 43:17 |  |  |
6 | בּוֹא | to come, go in | הֵבִיא | Perfect 3ms | Gen 43:17 | he brought | Causative | Brothers were caused to come to Joseph's house; Qal = come
7 | שׁוּב | to return | הֵשִׁיב | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 42:25 |  |  |
7 | שׁוּב | to return | הֵשִׁיב | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 42:25 | he gave back / returned it | Causative | Joseph caused the silver to be returned; Qal = return
8 | קוּם | to rise, stand | הֵקִים | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 6:18 |  |  |
8 | קוּם | to rise, stand | הֵקִים | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Gen 6:18 | he established / confirmed | Causative | God caused the covenant to stand; Qal = rise/stand
9 | מוּת | to die | יָמִית | Imperfect 3ms | Deu 17:12 |  |  |
9 | מוּת | to die | יָמִית | Imperfect 3ms | Deu 17:12 | he will put to death | Causative | Causing death; Qal = die
10 | שִׂים | to set, put | יָשִׂים | Imperfect 3ms | Gen 24:2 |  |  |
10 | שִׂים | to set, put | יָשִׂים | Imperfect 3ms | Gen 24:2 | he will put / place | Simple Action | Hiphil = primary usage for placing; Qal rare in same sense

## Part C — III-ה Weak Roots

# | Root | Qal Meaning | Hiphil Form | Conj | Ref | Translation | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
11 | עָלָה | to go up | הֶעֱלָה | Perfect 3ms | Gen 46:4 |  |  |
11 | עָלָה | to go up | הֶעֱלָה | Perfect 3ms | Gen 46:4 | he brought up | Causative | God caused Jacob to go up to Egypt; Qal = go up
12 | רָאָה | to see | הֶרְאָה | Perfect 3ms | Deu 34:1 |  |  |
12 | רָאָה | to see | הֶרְאָה | Perfect 3ms | Deu 34:1 | he showed | Causative | The LORD caused Moses to see the land; Qal = see
13 | נָטָה | to stretch out | הִטָּה | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Exo 10:13 |  |  |
13 | נָטָה | to stretch out | הִטָּה | Wayyiqtol 3ms | Exo 10:13 | he stretched out | Causative | Moses stretched out his staff; Qal = extend/stretch
14 | גָּלָה | to go into exile | הִגְלָה | Perfect 3ms | 2 Kgs 17:6 |  |  |
14 | גָּלָה | to go into exile | הִגְלָה | Perfect 3ms | 2 Kgs 17:6 | he exiled / sent into exile | Causative | King caused Israel to go into exile; Qal = go into exile
15 | הָיָה | to be | יֶהְיֶה | Imperfect 3ms | — |  |  |
15 | הָיָה | to be | יֶהְיֶה | Imperfect 3ms | — | it will be / come about | Simple Action | III-ה root; context determines; Qal = be/become

Discussion Questions:

1. In Part A, the I-י roots (יָדַע, יָצָא, יָשַׁב) all use הוֹ– as the Hiphil prefix. What happens to the initial י? Describe the contraction in one sentence.
2. Items 8 (קוּם) and 9 (מוּת) are both hollow roots classified as Causative. Can a hollow root ever produce a Factitive or Declarative Hiphil? Give a reason for your answer.
3. Compare עָלָה in Ch26's exercise and item 11 here. Both use the same root, but item 11 is a Perfect rather than an Imperative. Does the weak-root form change your ability to recognize it as Hiphil?