# Ch17 Parsing Drill — Wayyiqtol and Weqatal

BBH Chapter 17 · 30 forms

Instructions: For each form, give: (a) Form Type (Wayyiqtol / Weqatal / Imperfect / Perfect), (b) Person, (c) Number, (d) Gender, (e) Root (3ms lexical form).
Part B: also identify the Weak Class. Part C: disambiguation — determine whether each form is Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect.

## Part A — Wayyiqtol: Strong and Common Weak Roots

All forms in Part A are Wayyiqtol. Parse the PGN and identify the root.

# | Form | Form Type | Pers. | Num. | Gen. | Root |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | וַיֹּאמֶר |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיֹּאמֶר | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | אמר | Most frequent verb form in the OT; I-aleph holem prefix
2 | וַתֹּאמֶר |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַתֹּאמֶר | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | f | אמר | 3fs; תּ prefix with dagesh forte
3 | וַיֵּלֶךְ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיֵּלֶךְ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | הלך | I-י: tsere prefix; root ה absent; behaves as I-י
4 | וַיִּקְטֹל |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיִּקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | קטל | Strong paradigm model; dagesh forte in יּ
5 | וַיִּכְתְּבוּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיִּכְתְּבוּ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | p | m | כתב | 3mp; dagesh in יּ; shureq suffix
6 | וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה | Wayyiqtol | 3/2 | p | f | שמר | נָה suffix marks 3/2fp
7 | וָאֶקְטֹל |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וָאֶקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 1 | s | c | קטל | 1cs: waw → וָ (qamets) before aleph; aleph cannot take dagesh
8 | וַנִּקְטֹל |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַנִּקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 1 | p | c | קטל | 1cp; nun prefix with dagesh forte in נּ
9 | וַיִּתֵּן |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיִּתֵּן | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | נתן | I-נ: nun assimilated; dagesh forte in תּ; tsere
10 | וַיָּבֹא |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיָּבֹא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | בוא | Biconsonantal; qamets prefix; short form

## Part B — Wayyiqtol with Weak Roots: III-ה, Biconsonantal, I-י

# | Form | Form Type | Pers. | Num. | Gen. | Root | Weak Class |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
11 | וַיַּרְא |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיַּרְא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | ראה | III-ה | Short form: ה dropped; "and he/God saw"
12 | וַיְהִי |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיְהִי | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | היה | III-ה | Short jussive of היה; hireq-yod ending; narrative episode opener
13 | וַיַּעַשׂ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיַּעַשׂ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | עשה | III-ה + I-gutt. | Short form; patach prefix (ע causes chateph); ה dropped
14 | וַיָּקׇם |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיָּקׇם | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | קום | Biconsonantal | Short form: qamets hatuf in root vs. שּׁוּרֶק in imperfect יָקוּם
15 | וַיָּבֹאוּ |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיָּבֹאוּ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | p | m | בוא | Biconsonantal | 3mp; qamets prefix + -וּ suffix
16 | וַיָּסׇּב |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיָּסׇּב | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | סבב | Geminate | Qamets prefix + dagesh forte in ב (R2=R3)
17 | וַיֵּדַע |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיֵּדַע | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | ידע | I-י | Tsere prefix (יֵ–); yod at R1 contracted
18 | וַיֵּצֵא |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיֵּצֵא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | יצא | I-י + III-א | Tsere prefix; aleph quiesces at R3; compound weak class
19 | וַיִּבֶן |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיִּבֶן | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | בנה | III-ה | Short form: ה dropped; dagesh in נּ; seghol under נ
20 | וַיָּשׇׁב |  |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וַיָּשׇׁב | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | שוב | Biconsonantal | Short form; qamets prefix + qamets hatuf in root

## Part C — Weqatal and Disambiguation

Identify whether each form is Wayyiqtol, Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect, then parse completely.

# | Form | Form Type | Pers. | Num. | Gen. | Root |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
21 | וְשָׁמַרְתָּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וְשָׁמַרְתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | שמר | Follows imperfect/command; stress on -tā; future chain
22 | וְאָהַבְתָּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וְאָהַבְתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | אהב | Deu 6:5; follows שְׁמַע (imperative); classic weqatal command chain
23 | שָׁמַרְתָּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | שָׁמַרְתָּ | Perfect | 2 | s | m | שמר | No waw; completed past action; penultimate stress
24 | וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם | Weqatal | 2 | p | m | שמר | Waw → וּ before shewa; 2mp; future chain
25 | וְנָתַתָּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וְנָתַתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | נתן | I-נ regular in perfect/weqatal; legal/instructional context
26 | יִשְׁמֹר |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | יִשְׁמֹר | Imperfect | 3 | s | m | שמר | No waw; simple imperfect (future/habitual) or Jussive
27 | וְשָׁמְרוּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וְשָׁמְרוּ | Weqatal | 3 | p | c | שמר | 3cp perfect form + וְ; future-chain or commanded result
28 | שָׁמְרוּ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | שָׁמְרוּ | Perfect | 3 | p | c | שמר | No waw; completed past action (3cp)
29 | וְעָשִׂיתָ |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וְעָשִׂיתָ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | עשה | III-ה perfect 2ms + וְ; hireq-yod before suffix
30 | וָאֹמַר |  |  |  |  |  |
✓ | וָאֹמַר | Wayyiqtol | 1 | s | c | אמר | 1cs; holem prefix of אמר; waw → וָ (qamets) before aleph