# Qal Perfect — III-ה (Lamed-He) Paradigms

Full inflection tables for III-ה weak roots in the Qal Perfect.

## III-ה: עָשָׂה (do, make)

Person | Form | Suffix | Notes
--- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | עָשָׂה | ָה- | Qamets + mappiq-less he (vowel letter)
3fs | עָשְׂתָה | ְתָה- | Shewa under R1; -תָה suffix (not just ָה-)
2ms | עָשִׂיתָ | ִיתָ- | Hireq-yod before suffix — key diagnostic
2fs | עָשִׂית | ִית- | Same root; shorter suffix
1cs | עָשִׂיתִי | ִיתִי- | Hireq-yod throughout
3cp | עָשׂוּ | וּ- | He drops entirely before -וּ
2mp | עֲשִׂיתֶם | ִיתֶם- | R1 reduces (chateph under ע)
2fp | עֲשִׂיתֶן | ִיתֶן- | Same as 2mp; nun final
1cp | עָשִׂינוּ | ִינוּ- | Hireq-yod + נוּ

> Key: The hireq-yod suffix (ִי- before consonantal endings) distinguishes III-ה in the
> Perfect from all other weak classes. The 3ms ends in ָה-, but the 3fs ends in ְתָה- (not just
> ָה- like the strong 3fs). The he drops in the 3cp before -וּ.

## III-ה: רָאָה (see)

Person | Form | Suffix | Notes
--- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | רָאָה | ָה- | R1 ר (light); qamets under ר
3fs | רָאֲתָה | ֲתָה- | Chateph-patach under aleph (guttural R2)
2ms | רָאִיתָ | ִיתָ- | Hireq-yod
2fs | רָאִית | ִית- |
1cs | רָאִיתִי | ִיתִי- |
3cp | רָאוּ | וּ- | He drops before -וּ
2mp | רְאִיתֶם | ִיתֶם- | R1 reduces
2fp | רְאִיתֶן | ִיתֶן- |
1cp | רָאִינוּ | ִינוּ- |

## III-ה: הָיָה (be, become)

Person | Form | Suffix | Notes
--- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | הָיָה | ָה- | R1 ה (guttural)
3fs | הָיְתָה | ְתָה- | Shewa under R1; -תָה ending
2ms | הָיִיתָ | ִיתָ- | Doubled yod visible in some traditions
2fs | הָיִית | ִית- |
1cs | הָיִיתִי | ִיתִי- |
3cp | הָיוּ | וּ- | He drops
2mp | הֱיִיתֶם | — | R1 takes chateph-seghol (guttural); irregular
1cp | הָיִינוּ | ִינוּ- |

> Note on הָיָה: The 3cp form הָיוּ is extremely common in narrative. The 3ms הָיָה
> (with accent on final syllable) is nearly identical in appearance to the Qal Perfect 3fs of
> regular roots ending in ָה-; context determines parsing.

## Strong Paradigm — Comparison (קָטַל)

Person | Strong (קָטַל) | III-ה (עָשָׂה) | III-ה (הָיָה)
--- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | קָטַל | עָשָׂה | הָיָה
3fs | קָטְלָה | עָשְׂתָה | הָיְתָה
2ms | קָטַלְתָּ | עָשִׂיתָ | הָיִיתָ
2fs | קָטַלְתְּ | עָשִׂית | הָיִית
1cs | קָטַלְתִּי | עָשִׂיתִי | הָיִיתִי
3cp | קָטְלוּ | עָשׂוּ | הָיוּ
2mp | קְטַלְתֶּם | עֲשִׂיתֶם | הֱיִיתֶם
1cp | קָטַלְנוּ | עָשִׂינוּ | הָיִינוּ