# Ch18 Parsing Drill — Qal Imperative

*For each form, give: (a) Conjugation (Imperative / Imperfect / Jussive / Cohortative), (b) Person, (c) Number, (d) Gender, (e) Root (lexical form).*

---

## Part A — Strong and Common Roots

*All forms are Qal Imperative. Parse the PGN and identify the root.*

| # | Form | Conjugation | Person | Number | Gender | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שְׁמֹר | | | | | |
| 2 | שִׁמְרִי | | | | | |
| 3 | שִׁמְרוּ | | | | | |
| 4 | שְׁמֹרְנָה | | | | | |
| 5 | שְׁמַע | | | | | |
| 6 | שִׁמְעוּ | | | | | |
| 7 | זְכֹר | | | | | |
| 8 | חֲזַק | | | | | |
| 9 | כְּתֹב | | | | | |
| 10 | קְרָא | | | | | |

---

## Part B — Weak Root Imperatives

| # | Form | Conjugation | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Weak Class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | לֵךְ | | | | | | |
| 12 | לְכוּ | | | | | | |
| 13 | עֲשֵׂה | | | | | | |
| 14 | עֲשׂוּ | | | | | | |
| 15 | רְאֵה | | | | | | |
| 16 | קוּם | | | | | | |
| 17 | קוּמִי | | | | | | |
| 18 | בֹּא | | | | | | |
| 19 | שׁוּב | | | | | | |
| 20 | שֵׁב | | | | | | |
| 21 | צֵא | | | | | | |
| 22 | תֵּן | | | | | | |
| 23 | תְּנוּ | | | | | | |
| 24 | אֱמֹר | | | | | | |
| 25 | קַח | | | | | | |

---

## Part C — Disambiguation: Imperative, Imperfect, or Jussive?

*Identify the correct form type, then parse.*

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | שְׁמֹר | | | | | |
| 27 | יִשְׁמֹר | | | | | |
| 28 | אַל\־יִשְׁמֹר | | | | | |
| 29 | לְכוּ | | | | | |
| 30 | יֵלְכוּ | | | | | |
| 31 | עֲשֵׂה | | | | | |
| 32 | יַעַשׂ | | | | | |
| 33 | אַל\־תַּעַשׂ | | | | | |
| 34 | בֹּא | | | | | |
| 35 | יָבֹא | | | | | |

---

## Answer Key

### Part A

| # | Form | Conjugation | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שְׁמֹר | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | שמר | Strong A-class; shewa + holem |
| 2 | שִׁמְרִי | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Feminine | שמר | + ִי suffix; hireq-yod |
| 3 | שִׁמְרוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | שמר | + וּ suffix |
| 4 | שְׁמֹרְנָה | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Feminine | שמר | + נָה suffix |
| 5 | שְׁמַע | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | שמע | B-class; gutt. R3 forces patach |
| 6 | שִׁמְעוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | שמע | + וּ suffix |
| 7 | זְכֹר | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | זכר | Strong A-class; "remember!" |
| 8 | חֲזַק | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | חזק | I-gutt. chateph; B-class patach; "be strong!" |
| 9 | כְּתֹב | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | כתב | Strong A-class; "write!" |
| 10 | קְרָא | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | קרא | III-א; qamets before quiescent aleph; "call/read!" |

### Part B

| # | Form | Conjugation | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Weak Class | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | לֵךְ | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | הלך | I-י | Extremely short; tsere; ה of הלך absent |
| 12 | לְכוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | הלך | I-י | + וּ; shewa under ל |
| 13 | עֲשֵׂה | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | עשה | III-ה + I-gutt. | ה retained in 2ms; chateph under ע |
| 14 | עֲשׂוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | עשה | III-ה + I-gutt. | ה drops before -וּ |
| 15 | רְאֵה | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | ראה | III-ה | ה retained; tsere before ה |
| 16 | קוּם | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | קום | Biconsonantal | Full shureq vowel retained |
| 17 | קוּמִי | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Feminine | קום | Biconsonantal | + ִי |
| 18 | בֹּא | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | בוא | Biconsonantal | Holem-waw; aleph quiesces |
| 19 | שׁוּב | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | שוב | Biconsonantal | Full shureq retained |
| 20 | שֵׁב | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | ישב | I-י | Short form; tsere; yod absent |
| 21 | צֵא | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | יצא | I-י + III-א | Tsere; aleph quiesces at R3 |
| 22 | תֵּן | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | נתן | I-נ | Both nuns drop/assimilate; very short |
| 23 | תְּנוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | נתן | I-נ | + וּ |
| 24 | אֱמֹר | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | אמר | I-aleph | Hateph-seghol under aleph; "say!" |
| 25 | קַח | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | לקח | I-י | From יִקַּח; I-י short form |

### Part C

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | שְׁמֹר | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | שמר | No prefix; direct positive command |
| 27 | יִשְׁמֹר | Imperfect | 3rd | Singular | Masculine | שמר | יִ– prefix; not a command |
| 28 | אַל\־יִשְׁמֹר | Jussive | 3rd | Singular | Masculine | שמר | אַל + Jussive = negative prohibition |
| 29 | לְכוּ | Imperative | 2nd | Plural | Masculine | הלך | No prefix; I-י imperative 2mp |
| 30 | יֵלְכוּ | Imperfect | 3rd | Plural | Masculine | הלך | יֵ– prefix; I-י imperfect 3mp |
| 31 | עֲשֵׂה | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | עשה | No prefix; III-ה 2ms; ה retained |
| 32 | יַעַשׂ | Jussive | 3rd | Singular | Masculine | עשה | III-ה short form; yiqtol/jussive — context determines |
| 33 | אַל\־תַּעַשׂ | Jussive | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | עשה | אַל + Jussive 2ms; "do not do!" |
| 34 | בֹּא | Imperative | 2nd | Singular | Masculine | בוא | No prefix; Biconsonantal 2ms |
| 35 | יָבֹא | Imperfect | 3rd | Singular | Masculine | בוא | יָ– prefix; Biconsonantal imperfect |
