# Chapter 29 — Hophal Weak-Root Function Sort

BBH Chapter 29 · Hophal Weak Verbs

The Hophal is always the passive of the Hiphil. Every Hophal form expresses that its subject undergoes being caused to do or experience something. For each weak-root Hophal form below:

1. Give the Hiphil active meaning — what the Hiphil of this root means (the active, causative form).
2. Translate the Hophal passive form in context.

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Morphological key for weak Hophal: I-י roots: Hophal uses וּ (shureq) as the characteristic prefix vowel: הוּ/יוּ/וַיּוּ/מוּ. Hollow roots: Same וּ prefix vowel; the middle root letter contracts, producing a long vowel in the stem. III-ה roots: Hophal Perfect 3ms ends in ָה rather than the strong patach.

# | Hophal Form | Root | Weak Class | Conjugation | Hiphil Active Meaning | Hophal Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | הוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, bring, carry (cause to go/come) → Hophal: he was led / he was brought · Root יבל is I-י; characteristic הוּ prefix marks Hophal.
2 | הוּבְאוּ | בוא | Hollow | Perfect 3cp |  |  |
Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring (cause to come) → Hophal: they were brought (Gen 43:18) · Hollow root בוא; 3cp Perfect ending וּ added; the brothers were brought into Joseph's house.
3 | הוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down (cause to descend) → Hophal: he was brought down (Gen 39:1) · Joseph was caused to descend to Egypt; I-י root ירד with הוּ prefix.
4 | הוּקַם | קום | Hollow | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵקִים: to raise up, erect, establish (cause to stand) → Hophal: the tabernacle was erected (Exo 40:17) · Hollow root קום; contracted stem with patach.
5 | הוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Hollow | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵשִׁיב: to bring back, restore (cause to return) → Hophal: the money was brought back (Gen 43:12) · Hollow root שׁוב; the silver was caused to return.
6 | יוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, bring → Hophal: he will be led / he will be brought · Hophal Imperfect: יוּ prefix (shureq) is the characteristic marker in I-י and hollow roots.
7 | יוּבָא | בוא | Hollow | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring → Hophal: he will be brought · Hollow root; long ā vowel in contracted stem; Hophal Imperfect 3ms יוּ prefix.
8 | יוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down → Hophal: he will be brought down · I-י root; Hophal Imperfect 3ms with יוּ prefix + patach in stem.
9 | יוּקַם | קום | Hollow | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵקִים: to raise up, establish → Hophal: it will be raised up · Hollow root קום; contracted stem with patach; יוּ prefix.
10 | יוּשַׁב | שׁוב | Hollow | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵשִׁיב: to bring back, restore → Hophal: he will be brought back / returned · Hollow root שׁוב; Hophal Imperfect 3ms.
11 | וַיּוּבַל | יבל | I-י | Wayyiqtol 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil יָבַל: to lead, bring → Hophal: and he was led · Wayyiqtol: וַיּוּ- prefix retains the characteristic וּ (shureq) of Hophal in I-י roots.
12 | וַיּוּבָא | בוא | Hollow | Wayyiqtol 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring → Hophal: and he was brought (Gen 39:1) · Hollow root; long ā in contracted stem; Joseph brought down to Egypt in the narrative.
13 | וַיּוּרַד | ירד | I-י | Wayyiqtol 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down → Hophal: and Joseph was brought down (Gen 39:1) · I-י root; Wayyiqtol retains וּ characteristic vowel in the prefix.
14 | הוּלַד | ילד | I-י | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹלִיד: to beget, cause to be born → Hophal: he was born · I-י root ילד; the Hiphil = to father/beget; the Hophal = to be born (the subject is caused to come into existence).
15 | יוּלַד | ילד | I-י | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹלִיד: to beget, cause to be born → Hophal: he will be born · Hophal Imperfect of ילד; same semantic relationship as #14 but imperfective aspect.
16 | מוּבָא | בוא | Hollow | Participle ms |  |  |
Hiphil הֵבִיא: to bring → Hophal: (one) being brought / that which is being brought in · Hophal Participle: מוּ prefix (replacing מְ of strong Participle) + long ā stem vowel in hollow root.
17 | מוּרָד | ירד | I-י | Participle ms |  |  |
Hiphil הוֹרִיד: to bring down → Hophal: (one) being brought down · Hophal Participle of I-י root ירד: מוּ prefix + qamets in stem.
18 | הוּגְלָה | גלה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Hiphil הִגְלָה: to exile, carry into exile (cause to go into exile) → Hophal: Israel was carried away into exile (2 Kgs 17:23) · III-ה root גלה; Hophal Perfect 3ms ends in ָה instead of patach; the hiphil agent (Assyria) causes Israel to go into exile.