# Chapter 27 — "Spot the Hiphil" Passage Exercise

Genesis, Exodus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy · Seven Weak Classes

Instructions: For each numbered verb, answer Is it Hiphil? (Yes / No). Then for every verb:

1. Parse it — give conjugation, person-gender-number, and root.
2. State the weak class (I-guttural / III-ח/ע / III-א / III-ה / I-נ / I-י / Biconsonantal).
3. Give a brief causative gloss in context.

Parts A and B contain only Hiphil weak verbs. Part C contains three distractor verbs (Qal or Niphal) — answer "No" for those. Click ▶ Answer on any row to reveal the correct parsing inline.

## Part A — Genesis and Exodus (items 1–10)

1. Genesis 1:5 (adapted)

וַיִּקְרָא אֱלֹהִים לָאוֹר יוֹם וַיַּקְרֵא לַחֹשֶׁךְ לַיְלָה

"and he called the darkness Night"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | קָרָא | III-א | he called / proclaimed — tsere before silent final א; one of the most common forms in Genesis 1

2. Genesis 6:18

וַהֲקִמֹתִי אֶת־בְּרִיתִי אִתְּךָ

"but I will establish my covenant with you"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Weqatal | 1cs | קוּם | Biconsonantal | I will establish — וְ + הֵקִים pattern (hateph-patach under ה in weqatal form); holem-vav root medial

3. Genesis 8:20

הֶעֱלָה נֹחַ עֹלֹת עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ

"Noah offered up burnt offerings on the altar"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Perfect | 3ms | עָלָה | III-ה + I-guttural | he offered up — qamets + ה ending; seghol under הֶ and hateph-seghol under ע from the I-guttural interaction

4. Genesis 15:7

אֲנִי יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאוּר כַּשְׂדִּים

"I am the LORD who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Perfect | 1cs + 2ms suf. | יָצָא | I-י | I brought you out — הוֹ prefix (holem-vav) is the unmistakable I-י/ו Hiphil marker; tsere final shifts before suffix

5. Genesis 22:2

וַיַּעַל שָׁם עֹלָה

"and he offered up a burnt offering there"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | עָלָה | III-ה + I-guttural | and he offered up — apocopated: ה dropped; short patach under R2 (ע); one of the clearest III-ה Hiphil wayyiqtol diagnostics

6. Genesis 2:21

וַיַּפֵּל יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים תַּרְדֵּמָה עַל הָאָדָם

"the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | נָפַל | I-נ | and he cast — dagesh forte in R2 (פ) + tsere final; the patach prefix (וַיַּ) is standard; dagesh in R2 reveals I-נ

7. Exodus 9:16

וְאוּלָם בַּעֲבוּר זֹאת הֶעֱמַדְתִּיךָ

"but for this purpose I have raised you up"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Perfect | 1cs + 2ms suf. | עָמַד | I-guttural | I raised you up / stationed you — seghol under הֶ; hateph-seghol under ע; suffix תִּיךָ appended to the perfect 1cs base

8. Exodus 20:2

אֲנֹכִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר הוֹצֵאתִיךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם

"I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Perfect | 1cs + 2ms suf. | יָצָא | I-י | I brought you out — הוֹ prefix; the Exodus formula; same form as Gen 15:7

9. Exodus 33:18

וַיֹּאמַר הַרְאֵנִי נָא אֶת־כְּבֹדֶךָ

"and he said, 'Show me your glory, please'"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperative | 2ms + 1cs suf. | רָאָה | III-ה | show me — tsere + ה retained in the imperative (ה not apocopated); suffix נִי appended; Moses' request at Sinai

10. Exodus 40:2

הָקֵם אֶת־מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד

"Set up the tabernacle of the tent of meeting"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperative | 2ms | קוּם | Biconsonantal | set up / erect — הָ prefix (qamets) + tsere; the qamets under הָ distinguishes from the strong Hiphil imperative הַ (patach)

## Part B — Numbers and Deuteronomy (items 11–18)

11. Numbers 27:19

הַעֲמֵד אֹתוֹ לִפְנֵי אֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן

"Set him before Eleazar the priest"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperative | 2ms | עָמַד | I-guttural | set him / station him — הַ + composite shewa under ע + tsere; compare הָקֵם (biconsonantal) — both begin with הַ/הָ but the vowel under R1 differs

12. Deuteronomy 18:15

נָבִיא מִקִּרְבְּךָ יָקִים לְךָ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ

"a prophet like me the LORD your God will raise up for you"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperfect | 3ms | קוּם | Biconsonantal | he will raise up — qamets under prefix (יָ); the Deuteronomic messianic/prophetic promise formula

13. Deuteronomy 4:10

הַשְׁמַע אֶת־הָעָם אֶת־דִּבְרֵי

"Make the people hear these words"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperative | 2ms | שָׁמַע | III-ח/ע | make them hear — patach (not tsere) before final ע in the shortened imperative; הַ + patach before final guttural

14. Deuteronomy 8:14

אֲשֶׁר הוֹצִיאֲךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם

"who brought you out of the land of Egypt"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Perfect | 3ms + 2ms suf. | יָצָא | I-י | he brought you out — הוֹ prefix; the Deuteronomic remembrance formula echoes Exo 20:2; suffix אֲךָ appended

15. Deuteronomy 8:14 (same verse)

הַמּוֹצִיאֲךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם

"the one who brought you out of the land of Egypt" (substantival participle with article)

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Participle | ms | יָצָא | I-י | the one who brings out — מוֹ prefix (holem-vav under מ) with article; contrast strong Hiphil participle מַ (patach)

16. Numbers 1:51 (adapted)

וְהֵקִים אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּן כְּמִשְׁפָּטוֹ

"and he shall set up the tabernacle according to its ordinance"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Weqatal | 3ms | קוּם | Biconsonantal | and he shall set up — וְ + הֵקִים pattern; sequential future; הֵ prefix visible

17. Exodus 3:17

לְהַעֲלוֹת אֶתְכֶם מֵעֳנִי מִצְרַיִם

"to bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Inf. Construct | — | עָלָה | III-ה + I-guttural | to bring up — ends in וֹת (holem-vav + tav); the strongest single diagnostic for III-ה Hiphil inf. construct

18. Isaiah 48:6 (adapted)

מֵעַתָּה אַשְׁמִיעֲכֶם חֲדָשׁוֹת

"from now on I announce to you new things"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperfect | 1cs + 2mp suf. | שָׁמַע | III-ח/ע | I announce to you — imperfect 1cs + אֲכֶם suffix; patach furtive before ע is absorbed by the suffix, leaving plain patach under ע

## Bonus Items

B1. Genesis 2:15 (adapted)

וַיָּשֶׂם אֹתוֹ בְּגַן עֵדֶן

"and he placed him in the garden of Eden"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | שִׂים | Biconsonantal | and he placed / set — qamets under וַיָּ + apocopated seghol final (וַיָּשֶׂם); the short vowel final distinguishes from the perfect הֵשִׂים

B2. Genesis 27:25

הַגֶּשׁ־לִי וְאֹכְלָה מִצֵּיד בְּנִי

"Bring it near to me and I will eat of my son's game"

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Causative gloss |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Yes — Hiphil | Imperative | 2ms | נָגַשׁ | I-נ | bring near — הַ + dagesh forte in R2 (ג) + tsere; dagesh in ג is the proof of the assimilated root נ (נגשׁ)

## Part C — Distractor Check

These three verbs are not Hiphil — they are Qal or Niphal forms from stems already studied. Answer "No" for "Hiphil?" and complete the full parse.
19. Genesis 22:3

וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר וַיֵּלֶךְ אֶל הַמָּקוֹם

"And Abraham rose early in the morning and went to the place."

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Stem / Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
No — Qal | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | הָלַךְ | I-guttural | NOT Hiphil — Qal: and he went; no הִ/הַ prefix; plain Qal wayyiqtol of הָלַךְ

20. Genesis 21:3

וַיִּקְרָא אַבְרָהָם אֶת שֶׁם בְּנוֹ אֲשֶׁר נוֹלַד לוֹ

"And Abraham called the name of his son who was born to him."

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Stem / Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
No — Niphal | Perfect | 3ms | יָלַד | I-י | NOT Hiphil — Niphal passive: was born; נוֹ- prefix = Niphal of I-י root (contrasts with Hiphil הוֹ- prefix)

21. Genesis 2:17

כִּי בְּיוֹם אֲכָלְךָ מִמֶּנּוּ מוֹת תָּמוּת

"for in the day you eat of it you shall surely die."

Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Weak class | Stem / Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
No — Qal | Imperfect | 2ms | מוּת | Biconsonantal | NOT Hiphil — Qal: you will die; תָּ- prefix = Qal imperfect 2ms; no הַ- prefix; plain Qal of the common biconsonantal מוּת