# Chapter 26 — "Spot the Hiphil" Passage Exercise

*Genesis 6–8, Genesis 22, and Deuteronomy 7*

---

## Instructions

The flood narrative (Gen 6–8) is one of the most Hiphil-dense passages in the Pentateuch — God brings, establishes, causes rain, and brings out; Noah brings animals and offers up burnt offerings. Two supplementary passages from Genesis 22 and Deuteronomy 7 extend coverage to the infinitive absolute and additional conjugation patterns.

**For each numbered verb, answer: Is it Hiphil? (Yes / No). Then for every verb:**

1. Parse it — give the **conjugation**, **person-gender-number** (use `—` for non-finite forms), and **root**.
2. State the **semantic function** (Causative / Declarative / Factitive / Simple action — or "NOT Hiphil" for distractors).

Distractors (#1, #18, #22) include Niphal and Qal verbs from the same passages. At ch26, students have learned Qal and Niphal — both can appear in Hiphil-dense passages and must be distinguished.

An answer key is at the bottom.

---

## Passage A — Genesis 6:12–20

‎**6:12** — וַיַּ֧רְא אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְהִנֵּ֣ה **נִשְׁחָ֑תָה** כִּֽי־**הִשְׁחִ֧ית** כָּל־בָּשָׂ֛ר אֶת־דַּרְכּ֖וֹ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ

*"And God saw the earth, and behold, it [1] \_\_\_\_; for all flesh had [2] \_\_\_\_ its way upon the earth."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | נִשְׁחָתָה | | | | | |
| 2 | הִשְׁחִית | | | | | |

---

‎**6:13** — הִנְנִ֤י **מַשְׁחִיתָם֙** עִם־הָאָ֔רֶץ

*"Behold, I am [3] \_\_\_\_ them with the earth."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | מַשְׁחִיתָם | | | | | |

---

‎**6:17** — וַאֲנִ֗י הִנְנִ֤י **מֵבִיא֙** אֶת־הַמַּבּ֣וּל מַ֔יִם עַל־הָאָ֖רֶץ

*"As for me, behold, I am [4] \_\_\_\_ the flood of waters upon the earth."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | מֵבִיא | | | | | |

---

‎**6:18** — וַהֲקִמֹתִ֥י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֖י אִתָּ֑ךְ

*"But I will [5] \_\_\_\_ my covenant with you."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | וַהֲקִמֹתִי | | | | | |

---

‎**6:19** — מִכָּל־בָּשָׂר֙ שְׁנַ֣יִם מִכֹּ֔ל **תָּבִ֥יא** אֶל־הַתֵּבָ֖ה

*"Of every living thing of all flesh, you shall [6] \_\_\_\_ two of every kind into the ark."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | תָּבִיא | | | | | |

---

‎**6:19–20** — לְ**הַחֲיֹת֙** אִתָּֽךְ … לְ**הַחֲיֽוֹת**

*"to [7] \_\_\_\_ them alive with you … to [8] \_\_\_\_ them"*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | לְהַחֲיֹת | | | | | |
| 8 | לְהַחֲיוֹת | | | | | |

---

## Passage B — Genesis 7:4

‎**7:4** — כִּ֣י לְיָמִ֗ים ע֚וֹד שִׁבְעָ֔ה אָנֹכִ֥י **מַמְטִ֣יר** עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם

*"For in seven days I will [9] \_\_\_\_ rain on the earth forty days."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | מַמְטִיר | | | | | |

---

## Passage C — Genesis 8:1–21

‎**8:1** — וַיַּ֤עֲבֵר אֱלֹהִים֙ ר֣וּחַ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ

*"And God [10] \_\_\_\_ a wind over the earth."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | וַיַּעֲבֵר | | | | | |

---

‎**8:9** — וַיָּבֵ֥א אֹתָ֛הּ אֵלָ֖יו אֶל־הַתֵּבָ֑ה

*"And he [11] \_\_\_\_ her back to him into the ark."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | וַיָּבֵא | | | | | |

---

‎**8:13** — וַיָּ֤סַר נֹ֙חַ֙ אֶת־מִכְסֵ֣ה הַתֵּבָ֔ה

*"And Noah [12] \_\_\_\_ the covering of the ark."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | וַיָּסַר | | | | | |

---

‎**8:17** — **הַיְצֵ֣א** אִתָּ֗ךְ כָּל־הַחַיָּ֤ה

*"[13] \_\_\_\_ with you every living thing."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | הַיְצֵא | | | | | |

---

‎**8:20** — וַיַּ֥עַל עֹלֹ֖ת בַּמִּזְבֵּֽחַ

*"And he [14] \_\_\_\_ burnt offerings on the altar."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | וַיַּעַל | | | | | |

---

‎**8:21** — לֹֽא־אֹ֠סִף לְ**הַכֹּ֨ת** אֶת־כָּל־חַ֜י

*"I will never again [15] \_\_\_\_ every living thing."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 | לְהַכֹּת | | | | | |

---

## Passage D — Genesis 22:17 (Infinitive Absolute)

‎**22:17** — כִּי בָרֵ֣ךְ אֲבָרֶכְךָ֗ **וְהַרְבָּ֨ה** **אַרְבֶּ֤ה** אֶת־זַרְעֲךָ֙ כְּכוֹכְבֵ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם

*"For I will surely bless you, and I will [16] \_\_\_\_ [17] \_\_\_\_ your offspring as the stars of heaven."*

> **Watch out:** בָּרֵךְ and אֲבָרֶכְךָ are Piel forms of בָּרַךְ ("to bless") — not Hiphil. Parse only the two bolded verbs.

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | וְהַרְבָּה | | | | | |
| 17 | אַרְבֶּה | | | | | |

---

## Passage E — Deuteronomy 7:2 (Weqatal + Emphatic Pair)

‎**7:2** — **וּנְתָנָ֞ם** יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ **וְהִכִּיתָ֖ם** **הַכֵּ֣ה** **תַכֶּ֑ה** לֹא־**תִכְרֹ֥ת** לָהֶ֛ם בְּרִ֖ית

*"When the LORD your God [18] \_\_\_\_ them over to you, you shall [19] \_\_\_\_ them — [20] \_\_\_\_ [21] \_\_\_\_ them — you shall [22] \_\_\_\_ no covenant with them."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 | וּנְתָנָם | | | | | |
| 19 | וְהִכִּיתָם | | | | | |
| 20 | הַכֵּה | | | | | |
| 21 | תַכֶּה | | | | | |
| 22 | תִכְרֹת | | | | | |

---

## Bonus — Genesis 6:1, 6:10

‎**6:1** — כִּֽי־**הֵחֵ֣ל** הָאָדָ֔ם לָרֹ֖ב

*"When man began to multiply…"*

‎**6:10** — וַיּ֥וֹלֶד נֹ֖חַ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה בָנִ֑ים

*"And Noah fathered three sons."*

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | הֵחֵל | | | | | |
| B2 | וַיּוֹלֶד | | | | | |

---

## Answer Key

| # | Verb | Hiphil? | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Stem / Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | נִשְׁחָתָה | No | Weqatal | 3fs | שָׁחַת | No (Niphal) — *was corrupt*; Niphal weqatal passive; נ assimilates: וְהִנֵּה נִשְׁחָתָה |
| 2 | הִשְׁחִית | Yes | Perfect (qatal) | 3ms | שָׁחַת | Causative — *had corrupted* |
| 3 | מַשְׁחִיתָם | Yes | Participle + 3mp suffix | ms | שָׁחַת | Causative — *destroying them* |
| 4 | מֵבִיא | Yes | Participle | ms | בּוֹא | Causative — *bringing* |
| 5 | וַהֲקִמֹתִי | Yes | Weqatal | 1cs | קוּם | Factitive — *I will establish* |
| 6 | תָּבִיא | Yes | Imperfect | 2ms | בּוֹא | Causative — *you shall bring* |
| 7 | לְהַחֲיֹת | Yes | Inf. Construct | — | חָיָה | Causative — *to keep alive* |
| 8 | לְהַחֲיוֹת | Yes | Inf. Construct | — | חָיָה | Causative — *to keep alive* |
| 9 | מַמְטִיר | Yes | Participle | ms | מָטַר | Causative/Denominative — *causing rain to fall* |
| 10 | וַיַּעֲבֵר | Yes | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | עָבַר | Causative — *caused to pass over* |
| 11 | וַיָּבֵא | Yes | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | בּוֹא | Causative — *brought* |
| 12 | וַיָּסַר | Yes | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | סוּר | Causative — *removed* |
| 13 | הַיְצֵא | Yes | Imperative | 2ms | יָצָא | Causative — *bring out!* |
| 14 | וַיַּעַל | Yes | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | עָלָה | Causative — *offered up* |
| 15 | לְהַכֹּת | Yes | Inf. Construct | — | נָכָה | Causative — *to strike down* |
| 16 | וְהַרְבָּה | Yes | Inf. Absolute | — | רָבָה | Causative — emphatic modifier (*multiplying* / *surely*) |
| 17 | אַרְבֶּה | Yes | Imperfect | 1cs | רָבָה | Causative — *I will multiply* |
| 18 | וּנְתָנָם | No | Perfect + 3mp suffix | 3ms | נָתַן | No (Qal) — *gives them over*; Qal perfect of נָתַן with object suffix |
| 19 | וְהִכִּיתָם | Yes | Weqatal | 2ms | נָכָה | Causative — *and you shall strike them* |
| 20 | הַכֵּה | Yes | Inf. Absolute | — | נָכָה | Causative — emphatic modifier (*striking* / *certainly*) |
| 21 | תַכֶּה | Yes | Imperfect | 2ms | נָכָה | Causative — *you shall strike* |
| 22 | תִכְרֹת | No | Imperfect | 2ms | כָּרַת | No (Qal) — *you shall make* (covenant); plain Qal imperfect; no הִ prefix |
| B1 | הֵחֵל | Yes | Perfect (qatal) | 3ms | חָלַל | Causative — *began* (Hiphil of חָלַל = "to begin"; idiomatic use) |
| B2 | וַיּוֹלֶד | Yes | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | יָלַד | Causative — *fathered / begat* |

> **Notes:**
> - #2 הִשְׁחִית and B1 הֵחֵל are both **Perfect (qatal)**, not Weqatal. Both follow כִּי with no waw prefix.
> - #1 נִשְׁחָתָה is Niphal (passive); #2 הִשְׁחִית is Hiphil (active causative) — same root שָׁחַת, different stems in the same verse.
> - #16–#17 and #20–#21 illustrate the **emphatic inf. absolute + imperfect** construction.

> **Score:** 19 Hiphil + 3 non-Hiphil + 2 bonus = 24 total (distractors #1, #18, #22 unscored). 21–24 = excellent; 16–20 = review the paradigm; below 16 = revisit §26.3–26.13 before the next class.

---

## Conjugation Coverage

| Conjugation | Verbs |
|---|---|
| Wayyiqtol (5) | #10, #11, #12, #14, B2 |
| Inf. Construct (3) | #7, #8, #15 |
| Participle (3) | #3, #4, #9 |
| Imperfect (3) | #6, #17, #21 |
| Perfect / qatal (2) | #2, B1 |
| Weqatal (2) | #5, #19 |
| Inf. Absolute (2) | #16, #20 |
| Imperative (1) | #13 |
| Non-Hiphil (3) | #1 (Niphal Weqatal 3fs), #18 (Qal Weqatal 3ms), #22 (Qal Imperfect 2ms) |

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## Reflection Questions

1. Wayyiqtol dominates in Gen 6–8 but is absent from the new passages (D and E). What does this tell you about how genre — narrative vs. divine oracle (Gen 22) vs. legal instruction (Deut 7) — shapes conjugation choice in the Hiphil?
2. Both Passage D (Gen 22:17) and Passage E (Deut 7:2) use the emphatic inf. absolute + imperfect pattern. What does the inf. absolute add beyond a plain imperfect? Are the two contexts — promise and command — using the emphasis for the same rhetorical purpose?
3. In Gen 6–8, God is the subject of nearly every Hiphil; Noah appears as subject only at #12 and #14. What does this distribution of agency tell you about the theological architecture of the flood narrative?
