# Qal Imperfect — III-ה (Lamed-He) Paradigms

Full inflection tables for III-ה weak roots in the Qal Imperfect, including Jussive and Wayyiqtol.

## III-ה: בָּנָה (build) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol

Person | Long Imperfect | Short Jussive | Wayyiqtol | Notes
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | יִבְנֶ֫ה | יִ֫בֶן | וַיִּ֫בֶן | Seghol-he drops; vowel shortens to seghol
3fs | תִּבְנֶ֫ה | תִּ֫בֶן | — | Same as 3ms
2ms | תִּבְנֶ֫ה | תִּ֫בֶן | — |
2fs | תִּבְנִי | תִּבְנִי | — | Hireq-yod replaces seghol-he; same in both
1cs | אֶבְנֶ֫ה | אֶ֫בֶן | — |
3mp | יִבְנ֫וּ | יִבְנ֫וּ | וַיִּבְנ֫וּ | -וּ replaces ה; same in both
3fp | תִּבְנֶ֫ינָה | — | — | Rare; seghol-he + נָה
2mp | תִּבְנ֫וּ | תִּבְנ֫וּ | — | Same as 3mp
2fp | תִּבְנֶ֫ינָה | — | — |
1cp | נִבְנֶ֫ה | נִ֫בֶן | — |

> Key markers:
> - Long Imperfect: ends in -ֶה (seghol + he)
> - Short Jussive: final ה drops; preceding consonant takes seghol or patach
> - Wayyiqtol: waw-consecutive prefix + short (jussive) form
> - 3mp/2mp: -וּ replaces the ה (same in both long and short)

## III-ה: עָשָׂה (do, make) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol

Person | Long Imperfect | Short Jussive | Wayyiqtol | Notes
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | יַעֲשֶׂ֫ה | יַ֫עַשׂ | וַיַּ֫עַשׂ | I-gutt. ע also; chateph prefix; patach in jussive
3fs | תַּעֲשֶׂ֫ה | תַּ֫עַשׂ | — |
2ms | תַּעֲשֶׂ֫ה | תַּ֫עַשׂ | — |
2fs | תַּעֲשִׂי | תַּעֲשִׂי | — |
1cs | אֶעֱשֶׂ֫ה | אֶ֫עַשׂ | — | Seghol under prefix before chateph
3mp | יַעֲשׂ֫וּ | יַעֲשׂ֫וּ | וַיַּעֲשׂ֫וּ |
1cp | נַעֲשֶׂ֫ה | נַ֫עַשׂ | — |

## III-ה: רָאָה (see) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol

Person | Long Imperfect | Short Jussive | Wayyiqtol | Notes
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | יִרְאֶ֫ה | יֵ֫רֶא | וַיַּ֫רְא | I-gutt. ר (light); jussive shows yod-like prefix shift
3fs | תִּרְאֶ֫ה | תֵּ֫רֶא | — |
2ms | תִּרְאֶ֫ה | תֵּ֫רֶא | — |
1cs | אֶרְאֶ֫ה | אֵ֫רֶא | — |
3mp | יִרְא֫וּ | יִרְא֫וּ | וַיִּרְא֫וּ |

## III-ה: הָיָה (be, become) — Imperfect, Jussive, Wayyiqtol

Person | Long Imperfect | Short Jussive | Wayyiqtol | Notes
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | יִהְיֶ֫ה | יְהִ֫י | וַיְהִ֫י | Very irregular jussive; hireq-yod ending
3fs | תִּהְיֶ֫ה | תְּהִ֫י | — |
2ms | תִּהְיֶ֫ה | תְּהִ֫י | — |
3mp | יִהְי֫וּ | יִהְי֫וּ | וַיִהְי֫וּ |
1cp | נִהְיֶ֫ה | — | — |

> Note on הָיָה: The jussive 3ms is יְהִי (hireq-yod), not the expected seghol form.
> This is one of the most distinctive and frequent forms in the entire OT — "Let there be..."
> (Gen 1:3). It must be memorized.

## Strong Paradigm — Comparison

Person | Strong (יִקְטֹל) | III-ה (יִבְנֶה) | III-ה Jussive | III-ה Wayyiqtol
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
3ms | יִקְטֹל | יִבְנֶ֫ה | יִ֫בֶן | וַיִּ֫בֶן
3fs | תִּקְטֹל | תִּבְנֶ֫ה | תִּ֫בֶן | —
2ms | תִּקְטֹל | תִּבְנֶ֫ה | תִּ֫בֶן | —
2fs | תִּקְטְלִי | תִּבְנִי | תִּבְנִי | —
1cs | אֶקְטֹל | אֶבְנֶ֫ה | אֶ֫בֶן | —
3mp | יִקְטְלוּ | יִבְנ֫וּ | יִבְנ֫וּ | וַיִּבְנ֫וּ
1cp | נִקְטֹל | נִבְנֶ֫ה | נִ֫בֶן | —