# Chapter 33 — Pual Function Sort (Weak Roots)

BBH Chapter 33 · Pual Weak Verbs

The Pual is always the passive of the Piel. For each of the 18 weak-root Pual forms: (1) give the Piel active meaning; (2) translate the Pual passive form.

III-ה endings: Perfect 3ms: ָּה (qamets-heh, e.g., גֻּלָּה) · Imperfect 3ms: ֶּה (tsere-heh, e.g., יְגֻלֶּה) · Participle ms: ֶּה (e.g., מְגֻלֶּה)
ברך (R2 = ר): ר rejects dagesh forte → qibbuts lengthens to holem (בֹּרַךְ, יְבֹרַךְ, מְבֹרָךְ)

# | Form | Root | Weak Type | Conjugation | Piel Active Meaning | Pual Passive Translation |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | גֻּלָּה | גלה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to reveal / uncover | Pual passive: it was revealed · Qibbuts under ג + dagesh in ל + final ָּה (III-ה pattern)
2 | כֻּלָּה | כלה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to complete / destroy | Pual passive: it was finished / consumed · Qibbuts under כ + dagesh in ל + final ָּה
3 | בֹּרַךְ | ברך | R2 = ר | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to bless | Pual passive: he was blessed · Holem under ב (qibbuts lengthened; ר rejects dagesh) + patach under ר
4 | עֻנָּה | ענה | III-ה, I-gutt | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to afflict / humble | Pual passive: he was afflicted · Qibbuts under ע (guttural accepts qibbuts) + dagesh in ן + final ָּה
5 | חֻיָּה | חיה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to keep alive | Pual passive: he was kept alive · Qibbuts under ח + dagesh forte in י + final ָּה
6 | יְגֻלֶּה | גלה | III-ה | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to reveal | Pual passive: it will be revealed · Prefix יְ + qibbuts under ג + dagesh in ל + final ֶּה (imperfect III-ה ending)
7 | יְכֻלֶּה | כלה | III-ה | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to complete / destroy | Pual passive: it will be finished · Prefix יְ + qibbuts under כ + dagesh in ל + final ֶּה
8 | יְבֹרַךְ | ברך | R2 = ר | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to bless | Pual passive: he will be blessed · Prefix יְ + holem under ב (ר rejects dagesh) + patach under ר
9 | יְעֻנֶּה | ענה | III-ה, I-gutt | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to afflict | Pual passive: he will be afflicted · Prefix יְ + qibbuts under ע + dagesh in ן + final ֶּה
10 | יְחֻיֶּה | חיה | III-ה | Imperfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to keep alive | Pual passive: he will be kept alive · Prefix יְ + qibbuts under ח + dagesh in י + final ֶּה
11 | מְגֻלֶּה | גלה | III-ה | Participle ms |  |  |
Piel active: to reveal | Pual passive: one being revealed · Prefix מְ + qibbuts under ג + dagesh in ל + final ֶּה (Pual participle III-ה)
12 | מְכֻלֶּה | כלה | III-ה | Participle ms |  |  |
Piel active: to complete / destroy | Pual passive: one being consumed · Prefix מְ + qibbuts under כ + dagesh in ל + final ֶּה
13 | מְבֹרָךְ | ברך | R2 = ר | Participle ms |  |  |
Piel active: to bless | Pual passive: one being blessed · Prefix מְ + holem under ב (ר rejects dagesh) + qamets under ר (participle theme vowel)
14 | גֻּלְתָּה | גלה | III-ה | Perfect 3fs |  |  |
Piel active: to reveal | Pual passive: it was revealed (3fs) · Qibbuts under ג + shewa under ל + תָּה suffix (3fs replaces the ָּה of 3ms)
15 | בֹּרֲכוּ | ברך | R2 = ר | Perfect 3cp |  |  |
Piel active: to bless | Pual passive: they were blessed · Holem under ב + hateph-patach under ר (guttural reduced vowel before suffix) + וּ
16 | כֻּלּוּ | כלה | III-ה | Perfect 3cp |  |  |
Piel active: to complete / destroy | Pual passive: they were consumed / finished · Qibbuts under כ + dagesh forte in ל + וּ suffix (III-ה 3cp: ָּה → וּ)
17 | צֻוָּה | צוה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to command | Pual passive: he was commanded · Qibbuts under צ + dagesh forte in ו + final ָּה; III-ה Pual pattern with וו as R2
18 | שֻׁנָּה | שׁנה | III-ה | Perfect 3ms |  |  |
Piel active: to change | Pual passive: it was changed · Qibbuts under שׁ + dagesh forte in ן + final ָּה; III-ה Pual perfect 3ms

Conjugation pattern review for III-ה Pual:
Perfect 3ms: גֻּלָּה (qibbuts–R1 + dagesh–R2 + ָּה)
Perfect 3fs: גֻּלְתָּה (qibbuts–R1 + shewa–R2 + תָּה)
Perfect 3cp: כֻּלּוּ (qibbuts–R1 + dagesh–R2 + וּ)
Imperfect 3ms: יְגֻלֶּה (יְ + qibbuts–R1 + dagesh–R2 + ֶּה)
Participle ms: מְגֻלֶּה (מְ + qibbuts–R1 + dagesh–R2 + ֶּה)