# Chapter 22 — Qal Participle Parsing Drill

For each form: (a) Active or Passive participle (or other), (b) Root, (c) Root class, (d) Gender/Number, (e) Function. Click ▶ Answer to reveal.

Quick diagnostic: Active ptc. ms = holem-waw R1 + tsere R2 (שֹׁמֵ֖ר). Passive ptc. ms = qamets R1 + shureq R2 (שָׁמ֥וּר). III-ה active: holem-waw + seghol + ה (עֹשֶׂ֖ה). I-י active: yod visible (יוֹשֵׁ֖ב). Biconsonantal active: qamets + final cons. (בָ֖א).

## Part A — Active Participle, Strong Roots

All forms are Qal active participles. Parse the root, class, gender/number, and function.

# | Form | Act./Pass. | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמר · Strong A · ms · Substantive/Predicate — "keeper"; holem-waw + tsere
2 | שֹׁמֶ֫רֶת |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמר · Strong A · fs · Attributive/Substantive — "keeper (fs)"; ת + seghol-seghol
3 | שֹׁמְרִ֖ים |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמר · Strong A · mp · Substantive/Attributive — "keepers"; shewa on R2 in plural
4 | הַ/שֹּׁמֵ֖ר |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמר · Strong A · ms definite · Substantive — "the guardian"; dagesh forte in שׁ after def. article
5 | שֹׁמֵ֣עַ |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמע · Strong B (gutt. R3) · ms · Predicate/Substantive — "one who hears"; patach furtive before ע
6 | שֹׁמְעִ֖ים |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · שמע · Strong B · mp · Attributive/Substantive — "those who hear"
7 | עֹמֵ֖ד |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · עמד · I-gutt. · ms · Predicate/Substantive — "standing / one who stands"
8 | עֹבֵ֖ר |  |  |  |  |  |
Active · עבר · Strong A · ms · Substantive — "the one passing by"; common in narrative

## Part B — Active Participle, Weak Roots

Parse root, root class, gender/number, and function.

# | Form | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
9 | עֹשֶֽׂה |  |  |  |  |
עשה · III-ה · ms · Substantive — "the one who does / maker"; holem-waw + seghol + ה
10 | עֹשִׂ֖ים |  |  |  |  |
עשה · III-ה · mp · Attributive/Substantive — "those who do"; ה drops in plural + ִים
11 | יוֹשֵׁ֖ב |  |  |  |  |
ישב · I-י · ms · Occupational/Predicate — "dweller / one who sits"; yod + holem-waw + tsere
12 | בָ֖א |  |  |  |  |
בוא · Biconsonantal · ms · Predicate/Substantive — "one who comes"; qamets + quiescent aleph; same form as Perfect 3ms — context distinguishes
13 | מֵ֖ת |  |  |  |  |
מות · Biconsonantal · ms · Predicate/Substantive — "dying / dead person"; tsere + taw; holem-waw lost (contrast IA: מ֥וֹת)
14 | נֹתֵ֥ן |  |  |  |  |
נתן · I-נ · ms · Substantive — "giver / one who gives"; nun retained in ptc.; most common Torah active ptc. (53×)
15 | הוֹלֵ֣ךְ |  |  |  |  |
הלך · I-י · ms · Predicate/Progressive — "going / the one walking"; ה + holem-waw; yod-shape
16 | גֹּאֵ֣ל |  |  |  |  |
גאל · Strong A · ms · Substantive — "redeemer / kinsman-redeemer"; theological title; holem-waw + tsere

## Part C — Passive Participle

Parse each form: active or passive, root, class, gender/number, function.

# | Form | Act./Pass. | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
17 | בָּר֥וּךְ |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · ברך · Strong A · ms · Predicate — "blessed"; qamets + shureq (qatûl pattern)
18 | אָר֕וּר |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · ארר · Geminate · ms · Predicate — "cursed"; qamets + shureq; curse formula (Gen 3–4)
19 | כָּת֥וּב |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · כתב · Strong A · ms · Predicate/Attributive — "written"; qamets + shureq
20 | בְּרוּכָ֥ה |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · ברך · Strong A · fs · Predicate/Attributive — "blessed (fs)"; shewa + shureq + ָה
21 | כְּתוּבִ֥ים |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · כתב · Strong A · mp · Attributive — "written (mp)"; shewa + shureq + ִים
22 | נְטוּיָ֖ה |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · נטה · III-ה · fs · Attributive — "outstretched" (Exo 6:6 "outstretched arm"); shewa + shureq + יָה
23 | בְּלוּלָ֥ה |  |  |  |  |  |
Passive · בלל · Geminate · fs · Attributive — "mixed with oil"; Lev/Num grain offering formula (38× Torah); shewa + shureq + ָה

## Part D — Discrimination

Identify each form: Qal active ptc., passive ptc., Perfect, Imperfect, IC, or IA.

# | Form | Identification | Root | Notes |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
24 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר |  |  |  |
Qal Active Ptc. ms · שמר · Holem-waw + tsere = active ptc.; "keeper"
25 | שָׁמַ֣ר |  |  |  |
Qal Perfect 3ms · שמר · Qamets + patach; "he kept"
26 | יִשְׁמֹ֣ר |  |  |  |
Qal Imperfect 3ms · שמר · יִ prefix = Imperfect; "he will keep"
27 | שָׁמ֥וּר |  |  |  |
Qal Passive Ptc. ms · שמר · Qamets + shureq (qatûl) = passive ptc.; "kept"
28 | שְׁמֹר |  |  |  |
IC or Imperative 2ms · שמר · Shewa + holem; ambiguous without context
29 | שָׁמ֣וֹר |  |  |  |
Qal IA · שמר · Qamets + holem-waw = Infinitive Absolute; "surely keep"
30 | בָ֖א |  |  |  |
Qal Active Ptc. ms OR Qal Perfect 3ms · בוא · Biconsonantal: both forms identical; context (agreement with noun, predicate use) distinguishes
31 | לָ/בֹא |  |  |  |
Qal IC · בוא · לָ prefix = IC; "to come"; participle would not have a preposition prefix
32 | יִ/יְשֵׁ֣ב |  |  |  |
Qal Imperfect 3ms · ישב · יִ prefix = Imperfect; active ptc. would be יוֹשֵׁ֖ב (yod + holem-waw)