# Chapter 33 — Stem-ID Drill (Weak Roots)

*BBH Chapter 33 · Pual Weak Verbs*

---

## Instructions

For each of the 24 forms below, identify the **stem** (Qal, Piel, or Pual), then provide a full parse (conjugation, PGN) and translation.

All roots are weak (III-ה or guttural). Forms are interleaved: 8 Qal, 8 Piel, 8 Pual. Key roots: גלה, ברך, כלה, צוה.

The answer key is at the bottom.

---

## Weak-Root Stem Diagnostic

| Stem | III-ה Perfect 3ms | III-ה Imperfect 3ms | Participle ms |
|---|---|---|---|
| **Qal** | qamets–ָה (גָּלָה) | yiqtol prefix + ֶה (יִגְלֶה) | active pattern (גֹּלֶה) |
| **Piel** | hiriq + dagesh + ָּה (גִּלָּה) | שְׁ prefix + patach + ֶּה (יְגַלֶּה) | מְ + patach + dagesh + ֶּה (מְגַלֶּה) |
| **Pual** | qibbuts + dagesh + ָּה (גֻּלָּה) | שְׁ prefix + qibbuts + dagesh + ֶּה (יְגֻלֶּה) | מְ + qibbuts + dagesh + ֶּה (מְגֻלֶּה) |

---

## Exercise Table

| # | Hebrew | Stem | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גָּלָה | | | | | |
| 2 | גִּלָּה | | | | | |
| 3 | גֻּלָּה | | | | | |
| 4 | בָּרַךְ | | | | | |
| 5 | בֵּרַךְ | | | | | |
| 6 | בֹּרַךְ | | | | | |
| 7 | כָּלָה | | | | | |
| 8 | כִּלָּה | | | | | |
| 9 | כֻּלָּה | | | | | |
| 10 | יְגַלֶּה | | | | | |
| 11 | יִגְלֶה | | | | | |
| 12 | יְגֻלֶּה | | | | | |
| 13 | יְבָרֵךְ | | | | | |
| 14 | יְבֹרַךְ | | | | | |
| 15 | יְכַלֶּה | | | | | |
| 16 | וַיְגַל | | | | | |
| 17 | וַיִּגֶּל | | | | | |
| 18 | וַיְצַו | | | | | |
| 19 | גַּלֵּה | | | | | |
| 20 | גְּלֵה | | | | | |
| 21 | מְגַלֶּה | | | | | |
| 22 | גֹּלֶה | | | | | |
| 23 | מְגֻלֶּה | | | | | |
| 24 | צֻוָּה | | | | | |

---

## Answer Key

| # | Hebrew | Stem | Conjugation | PGN | Root | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | גָּלָה | Qal | Perfect | 3ms | גלה | he went into exile / uncovered |
| 2 | גִּלָּה | Piel | Perfect | 3ms | גלה | he revealed / uncovered |
| 3 | גֻּלָּה | Pual | Perfect | 3ms | גלה | he was revealed / uncovered |
| 4 | בָּרַךְ | Qal | Perfect | 3ms | ברך | he knelt |
| 5 | בֵּרַךְ | Piel | Perfect | 3ms | ברך | he blessed |
| 6 | בֹּרַךְ | Pual | Perfect | 3ms | ברך | he was blessed |
| 7 | כָּלָה | Qal | Perfect | 3ms | כלה | he finished / ceased |
| 8 | כִּלָּה | Piel | Perfect | 3ms | כלה | he completed / finished off |
| 9 | כֻּלָּה | Pual | Perfect | 3ms | כלה | he was finished / consumed |
| 10 | יְגַלֶּה | Piel | Imperfect | 3ms | גלה | he will reveal |
| 11 | יִגְלֶה | Qal | Imperfect | 3ms | גלה | he will go into exile / uncover |
| 12 | יְגֻלֶּה | Pual | Imperfect | 3ms | גלה | it will be revealed |
| 13 | יְבָרֵךְ | Piel | Imperfect | 3ms | ברך | he will bless |
| 14 | יְבֹרַךְ | Pual | Imperfect | 3ms | ברך | he will be blessed |
| 15 | יְכַלֶּה | Piel | Imperfect | 3ms | כלה | he will complete / destroy |
| 16 | וַיְגַל | Piel | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | גלה | and he revealed |
| 17 | וַיִּגֶּל | Qal | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | גלה | and he went into exile |
| 18 | וַיְצַו | Piel | Wayyiqtol | 3ms | צוה | and he commanded |
| 19 | גַּלֵּה | Piel | Imperative | 2ms | גלה | reveal! |
| 20 | גְּלֵה | Qal | Imperative | 2ms | גלה | go into exile! / uncover! |
| 21 | מְגַלֶּה | Piel | Participle | ms | גלה | revealing / one who reveals |
| 22 | גֹּלֶה | Qal | Participle | ms | גלה | going into exile / one who uncovers |
| 23 | מְגֻלֶּה | Pual | Participle | ms | גלה | being revealed / what is revealed |
| 24 | צֻוָּה | Pual | Perfect | 3ms | צוה | he was commanded |

---

### Parsing Notes

- **#10 vs #11 (imperfect):** יְגַלֶּה (Piel) has patach under ג + dagesh in ל; יִגְלֶה (Qal) has hiriq under י + shewa under ג, no dagesh in ל.
- **#13 vs #14 (ברך):** יְבָרֵךְ (Piel) has tsere under ב (Piel imperfect with compensatory lengthening for ר); יְבֹרַךְ (Pual) has holem under ב (Pual imperfect with ר rejecting dagesh).
- **#16 וַיְגַל:** Wayyiqtol of Piel גלה — the III-ה root drops final ה before the wayyiqtol shortening.
- **#17 וַיִּגֶּל:** Wayyiqtol of Qal גלה — dagesh forte in ג is the wayyiqtol I-nun assimilation marker (wait: ג is not I-nun). Correction: וַיִּגֶּל is the Qal wayyiqtol of גלה; the dagesh in ג is from the waw-consecutive assimilation with the prefix נ — actually ג has dagesh from the wayyiqtol יִ prefix.
- **#18 וַיְצַו:** Wayyiqtol of Piel צוה; III-ה root with middle-weak waw; the ו quiesces.
- **#24 צֻוָּה:** Pual perfect 3ms of צוה; qibbuts under צ + dagesh forte in ו + final ָּה. Extremely common form in the OT (Numbers, Deuteronomy, etc.).
