# Ch17 Parsing Drill — Wayyiqtol and Weqatal

*For each form, give: (a) Form Type (Wayyiqtol / Weqatal / Imperfect / Perfect), (b) Person, (c) Number, (d) Gender, (e) Root (3ms lexical form).*

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## Part A — Wayyiqtol: Strong and Common Weak Roots

*All forms are Wayyiqtol. Parse the PGN and identify the root.*

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיֹּאמֶר | | | | | |
| 2 | וַתֹּאמֶר | | | | | |
| 3 | וַיֵּלֶךְ | | | | | |
| 4 | וַיִּקְטֹל | | | | | |
| 5 | וַיִּכְתְּבוּ | | | | | |
| 6 | וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה | | | | | |
| 7 | וָאֶקְטֹל | | | | | |
| 8 | וַנִּקְטֹל | | | | | |
| 9 | וַיִּתֵּן | | | | | |
| 10 | וַיָּבֹא | | | | | |

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## Part B — Wayyiqtol with Weak Roots: III-ה, Biconsonantal, Geminate

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Weak Class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | וַיַּרְא | | | | | | |
| 12 | וַיְהִי | | | | | | |
| 13 | וַיַּעַשׂ | | | | | | |
| 14 | וַיָּ֫קׇם | | | | | | |
| 15 | וַיָּבֹאוּ | | | | | | |
| 16 | וַיָּ֫סׇּב | | | | | | |
| 17 | וַיֵּדַע | | | | | | |
| 18 | וַיֵּצֵא | | | | | | |
| 19 | וַיִּבֶן | | | | | | |
| 20 | וַיָּ֫שׇׁב | | | | | | |

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## Part C — Weqatal and Disambiguation

*Identify whether each form is Weqatal, Perfect, or Imperfect, then parse.*

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | וְשָׁמַרְתָּ | | | | | |
| 22 | וְאָהַבְתָּ | | | | | |
| 23 | שָׁמַרְתָּ | | | | | |
| 24 | וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם | | | | | |
| 25 | וְנָתַתָּ | | | | | |
| 26 | יִשְׁמֹר | | | | | |
| 27 | וְשָׁמְרוּ | | | | | |
| 28 | שָׁמְרוּ | | | | | |
| 29 | וְעָשִׂיתָ | | | | | |
| 30 | וָאֹמַר | | | | | |

---

## Answer Key

### Part A

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיֹּאמֶר | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | אמר | Most frequent verb form in the OT; I-aleph holem prefix |
| 2 | וַתֹּאמֶר | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | f | אמר | 3fs; תּ prefix with dagesh |
| 3 | וַיֵּלֶךְ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | הלך | I-י: tsere prefix; root ה drops → behaves as I-י |
| 4 | וַיִּקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | קטל | Strong paradigm model |
| 5 | וַיִּכְתְּבוּ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | p | m | כתב | 3mp; dagesh in יּ |
| 6 | וַתִּשְׁמֹרְנָה | Wayyiqtol | 3/2 | p | f | שמר | נָה suffix marks 3/2fp |
| 7 | וָאֶקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 1 | s | c | קטל | 1cs; waw → **וָ** (qamets) before aleph |
| 8 | וַנִּקְטֹל | Wayyiqtol | 1 | p | c | קטל | 1cp; nun prefix with dagesh |
| 9 | וַיִּתֵּן | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | נתן | I-נ: nun assimilated; dagesh forte in תּ |
| 10 | וַיָּבֹא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | בוא | Biconsonantal; qamets prefix; short form |

### Part B

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Weak Class | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | וַיַּרְא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | ראה | III-ה | Short form: ה dropped; seghol-aleph ending; III-aleph overlap |
| 12 | וַיְהִי | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | היה | III-ה | Short jussive of היה; hireq-yod ending; most common wayyiqtol in Gen 1 |
| 13 | וַיַּעַשׂ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | עשה | III-ה + I-gutt. | Short form; patach prefix (ע causes chateph); ה dropped |
| 14 | וַיָּ֫קׇם | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | קום | Biconsonantal | Short form: qamets hatuf in root vs. shureq in imperfect (יָקוּם) |
| 15 | וַיָּבֹאוּ | Wayyiqtol | 3 | p | m | בוא | Biconsonantal | 3mp; qamets prefix + -וּ suffix |
| 16 | וַיָּ֫סׇּב | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | סבב | Geminate | Qamets prefix + dagesh forte in ב (R2=R3) |
| 17 | וַיֵּדַע | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | ידע | I-י | Tsere prefix (יֵ–); yod at R1 contracted |
| 18 | וַיֵּצֵא | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | יצא | I-י + III-א | Tsere prefix; aleph quiesces at R3 |
| 19 | וַיִּבֶן | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | בנה | III-ה | Short form: ה dropped, dagesh in נּ, seghol under נ |
| 20 | וַיָּ֫שׇׁב | Wayyiqtol | 3 | s | m | שוב | Biconsonantal | Short form; qamets prefix + hatuf in root |

### Part C

| # | Form | Form Type | Person | Number | Gender | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | וְשָׁמַרְתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | שמר | Follows imperfect/command; stress on -tā; future chain |
| 22 | וְאָהַבְתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | אהב | Deu 6:5; follows שְׁמַע; classic weqatal chain |
| 23 | שָׁמַרְתָּ | Perfect | 2 | s | m | שמר | No waw; past completed action |
| 24 | וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם | Weqatal | 2 | p | m | שמר | Waw → וּ before shewa; 2mp |
| 25 | וְנָתַתָּ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | נתן | I-נ regular in perfect; weqatal context (legal/instructional) |
| 26 | יִשְׁמֹר | Imperfect | 3 | s | m | שמר | No waw; simple imperfect (future/habitual) |
| 27 | וְשָׁמְרוּ | Weqatal | 3 | p | c | שמר | 3cp perfect form + וְ; future-chain or commanded result |
| 28 | שָׁמְרוּ | Perfect | 3 | p | c | שמר | No waw; completed past action |
| 29 | וְעָשִׂיתָ | Weqatal | 2 | s | m | עשה | III-ה perfect 2ms + וְ; hireq-yod before suffix |
| 30 | וָאֹמַר | Wayyiqtol | 1 | s | c | אמר | 1cs; holem prefix of אמר; waw takes qamets (וָ) |
