# Chapter 25 — Stem-ID Drill (Weak Roots)

BBH Chapter 25 · Niphal Weak Verbs

For each Hebrew form, identify: (1) Stem (Qal or Niphal), (2) Conjugation, (3) PGN (write — for non-finite), (4) Root.

# | Hebrew | Stem | Conjugation | PGN | Root |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | גָּלָה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Perfect · 3ms · גלה — Qamets under first root letter, ָה ending = Qal Perfect 3ms of III-ה root. "he uncovered / went into exile."
2 | נִגְלָה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · גלה — נִ prefix + ָה ending (III-ה). "he was revealed / revealed himself."
3 | נָפַל |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Perfect · 3ms · נפל — Qamets–patach vowel pattern without any dagesh forte = Qal. "he fell."
4 | נִפַּל |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · נפל — נִ prefix + dagesh forte in פּ identifies this as the Niphal Perfect (not Qal, which has no dagesh).
5 | שָׁב |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Perfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Hollow root: the middle vav/yod contracts; only two letters visible in the perfect. "he returned."
6 | נָשׁוּב |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · שׁוב — נָ prefix before hollow root; ū vowel (vav) preserved = Niphal Perfect. "he was brought back / returned."
7 | רָאָה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Perfect · 3ms · ראה — III-ה + guttural (א) root; no נִ prefix = Qal. "he saw."
8 | נִרְאָה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Perfect · 3ms · ראה — נִ prefix + ָה ending. "he appeared / was seen." Classic theophany verb in the OT.
9 | יִגָּלֶה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · גלה — Dagesh forte in גּ (assimilated nun of Niphal) + ֶה ending (III-ה). Contrast #10.
10 | יִגְלֶה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · גלה — Shewa under ג (no dagesh forte) + ֶה ending. Compare #9: the dagesh forte is the only distinguishing mark.
11 | יִפֹּל |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ is from I-נ root assimilation in Qal, not Niphal; holem theme vowel = Qal. Compare #12.
12 | יִפָּל |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · נפל — Qamets under פּ (not holem) + dagesh forte = Niphal Imperfect of I-נ root. The root nun assimilates into the Niphal nun, producing double dagesh effect.
13 | יָשׁוּב |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Imperfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Qamets under prefix יָ + ū vowel (vav) preserved; no dagesh forte in שׁ = Qal. "he will return."
14 | יִשָּׁב |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Imperfect · 3ms · שׁוב — Hirik under prefix יִ + dagesh forte in שּׁ = Niphal Imperfect. The hollow root's middle vav contracts. Contrast with יָשׁוּב (#13).
15 | וַיִּגֶּל |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · גלה — No dagesh forte in ג; III-ה root drops final ה in wayyiqtol = Qal. "and he uncovered / went into exile."
16 | וַיִּגָּל |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · גלה — Dagesh forte in גּ + qamets = Niphal Wayyiqtol. Compare #15: dagesh is the only distinguishing mark. "and he was revealed / revealed himself."
17 | וַיִּפֹּל |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ (I-נ assimilation) + holem = Qal Wayyiqtol. Compare #18. "and he fell."
18 | וַיִּפָּל |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Wayyiqtol · 3ms · נפל — Dagesh forte in פּ + qamets = Niphal Wayyiqtol. Key contrast with #17: qamets (Niphal) vs. holem (Qal).
19 | גְּלֵה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Imperative · 2ms · גלה — Shewa under ג + ֵה ending; no הִ prefix = Qal Imperative. "Uncover! / Reveal!"
20 | הִגָּלֵה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Imperative · 2ms · גלה — הִ prefix + dagesh forte in גּ + ֵה ending = Niphal Imperative. "Reveal yourself!"
21 | גָּלֹה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Inf. Absolute · — · גלה — Qamets under first root letter + ֹה ending; no הִ prefix = Qal Inf. Absolute of III-ה root.
22 | הִגָּלֹה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Inf. Absolute · — · גלה — הִ prefix + dagesh forte in גּ + ֹה ending = Niphal Inf. Absolute. Compare #21 (no הִ) vs. #22 (with הִ).
23 | גֹּלֶה |  |  |  |  |
Qal · Participle · ms · גלה — Holem under first root letter + ֶה ending (III-ה active participle); no נִ prefix = Qal. "one who uncovers / one going into exile."
24 | נִגְלֶה |  |  |  |  |
Niphal · Participle · ms · גלה — נִ prefix + ֶה ending = Niphal Participle of III-ה root. Compare #23 (גֹּלֶה, holem, no נִ) vs. #24 (נִגְלֶה, with נִ). "one being revealed."