# Ch22 Parsing Drill — Qal Participle (Active and Passive)

*For each form: (a) Active or Passive participle (or other form), (b) Root, (c) Root class, (d) Gender and Number (if participle), (e) Function (Attributive / Predicate / Substantive / Progressive / Occupational / Resultant state).*

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## Part A — Active Participle, Strong Roots

*All forms are Qal active participles.*

| # | Form | Act. or Pass.? | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר | | | | | |
| 2 | שֹׁמֶ֫רֶת | | | | | |
| 3 | שֹׁמְרִ֖ים | | | | | |
| 4 | הַ/שֹּׁמֵ֖ר | | | | | |
| 5 | שֹׁמֵ֣עַ | | | | | |
| 6 | שֹׁמְעִ֖ים | | | | | |
| 7 | עֹמֵ֖ד | | | | | |
| 8 | עֹבֵ֖ר | | | | | |

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## Part B — Active Participle, Weak Roots

| # | Form | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | עֹשֶֽׂה | | | | |
| 10 | עֹשִׂ֖ים | | | | |
| 11 | יוֹשֵׁ֖ב | | | | |
| 12 | בָ֖א | | | | |
| 13 | מֵ֖ת | | | | |
| 14 | נֹתֵ֥ן | | | | |
| 15 | הוֹלֵ֣ךְ | | | | |
| 16 | גֹּאֵ֣ל | | | | |

---

## Part C — Passive Participle

| # | Form | Act. or Pass.? | Root | Root Class | Gender/Number | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | בָּר֥וּךְ | | | | | |
| 18 | אָר֕וּר | | | | | |
| 19 | כָּת֥וּב | | | | | |
| 20 | בְּרוּכָ֥ה | | | | | |
| 21 | כְּתוּבִ֥ים | | | | | |
| 22 | נְטוּיָ֖ה | | | | | |
| 23 | בְּלוּלָ֥ה | | | | | |

---

## Part D — Discrimination

*Identify whether each form is a Qal active ptc., passive ptc., Perfect, Imperfect, or other form.*

| # | Form | Identification | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר | | | |
| 25 | שָׁמַ֣ר | | | |
| 26 | יִשְׁמֹ֣ר | | | |
| 27 | שָׁמ֥וּר | | | |
| 28 | שְׁמֹר | | | |
| 29 | שָׁמ֣וֹר | | | |
| 30 | בָ֖א | | | |
| 31 | לָ/בֹא | | | |
| 32 | יִ/יְשֵׁ֣ב | | | |

---

## Answer Key

### Part A

| # | Form | Act./Pass. | Root | Class | G/N | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר | Active | שמר | Strong A | ms | Substantive/Predicate — "keeper / one who keeps"; holem-waw + tsere |
| 2 | שֹׁמֶ֫רֶת | Active | שמר | Strong A | fs | Attributive or Substantive — "the one who keeps (fs)"; ת + seghol-seghol |
| 3 | שֹׁמְרִ֖ים | Active | שמר | Strong A | mp | Substantive/Attributive — "keepers"; holem-waw + shewa + ִים |
| 4 | הַ/שֹּׁמֵ֖ר | Active | שמר | Strong A | ms | Substantive with def. article — "the guardian"; dagesh in שׁ after ה |
| 5 | שֹׁמֵ֣עַ | Active | שמע | Strong B (gutt.) | ms | Substantive/Predicate — "one who hears"; patach before gutt. R3 ע |
| 6 | שֹׁמְעִ֖ים | Active | שמע | Strong B | mp | Attributive/Substantive — "those who hear" |
| 7 | עֹמֵ֖ד | Active | עמד | I-gutt. | ms | Predicate/Substantive — "standing / one who stands" |
| 8 | עֹבֵ֖ר | Active | עבר | Strong A | ms | Substantive — "the one passing by"; very common in narrative |

### Part B

| # | Form | Root | Class | G/N | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | עֹשֶׂ֖ה | עשה | III-ה | ms | Substantive — "the one who does / maker"; holem-waw + seghol + ה |
| 10 | עֹשִׂ֖ים | עשה | III-ה | mp | Substantive/Attributive — "those who do"; ה dropped in plural + ִים |
| 11 | יוֹשֵׁ֖ב | ישב | I-י | ms | Occupational/Predicate — "the one dwelling / dweller"; yod + holem-waw + tsere |
| 12 | בָ֖א | בוא | Biconsonantal | ms | Substantive/Predicate — "the one coming / incoming"; qamets + quiescent aleph |
| 13 | מֵ֖ת | מות | Biconsonantal | ms | Predicate/Substantive — "dying / dead person"; tsere + taw |
| 14 | נֹתֵ֥ן | נתן | I-נ | ms | Substantive — "giver / one who gives"; nun retained in ptc.; most common Torah ptc. (53×) |
| 15 | הוֹלֵ֣ךְ | הלך | I-י | ms | Predicate/Progressive — "going / the one walking"; holem-waw on ה; yod-form |
| 16 | גֹּאֵ֣ל | גאל | Strong A | ms | Substantive — "redeemer / kinsman-redeemer"; holem-waw + tsere; theological title |

### Part C

| # | Form | Act./Pass. | Root | Class | G/N | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | בָּר֥וּךְ | Passive | ברך | Strong A | ms | Predicate — "blessed"; qamets + shureq (qatûl); blessing formula |
| 18 | אָר֕וּר | Passive | ארר | Geminate | ms | Predicate — "cursed"; qamets + shureq; curse formula (Gen 3–4) |
| 19 | כָּת֥וּב | Passive | כתב | Strong A | ms | Predicate/Attributive — "written"; qamets + shureq |
| 20 | בְּרוּכָ֥ה | Passive | ברך | Strong A | fs | Predicate/Attributive — "blessed (fs)"; shewa + shureq + ָה |
| 21 | כְּתוּבִ֥ים | Passive | כתב | Strong A | mp | Attributive — "written (mp)"; shewa + shureq + ִים |
| 22 | נְטוּיָ֖ה | Passive | נטה | III-ה | fs | Attributive — "outstretched" (Exo 6:6); shewa + shureq + יָה |
| 23 | בְּלוּלָ֥ה | Passive | בלל | Geminate | fs | Attributive — "mixed with oil"; shewa + shureq + ָה; Lev/Num grain offering formula |

### Part D

| # | Form | ID | Root | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | שֹׁמֵ֖ר | Qal Active Ptc. ms | שמר | Holem-waw + tsere; "keeper" |
| 25 | שָׁמַ֣ר | Qal Perfect 3ms | שמר | Qamets + patach; "he kept" |
| 26 | יִשְׁמֹ֣ר | Qal Imperfect 3ms | שמר | יִ prefix; "he will keep" |
| 27 | שָׁמ֥וּר | Qal Passive Ptc. ms | שמר | Qamets + shureq (qatûl); "kept" |
| 28 | שְׁמֹר | Qal IC or Imperative 2ms | שמר | Shewa + holem; ambiguous without context |
| 29 | שָׁמ֣וֹר | Qal IA | שמר | Qamets + holem-waw; "surely keep" |
| 30 | בָ֖א | Qal Active Ptc. ms **or** Qal Perfect 3ms | בוא | Biconsonantal: ptc. ms = Perfect 3ms in form; context decides |
| 31 | לָ/בֹא | Qal IC | בוא | לָ prefix = IC; "to come" |
| 32 | יִ/יְשֵׁ֣ב | Qal Imperfect 3ms | ישב | יִ prefix = Imperfect; not active ptc. (which would be יוֹשֵׁ֖ב) |
