Chapter 12 — αὐτός Parsing and Use Identification Drill

BBG Chapter 12 · αὐτός

For each item, parse αὐτός: Case (N/G/D/A), Number (S/P), Gender (M/F/N), and Use (PP / INT / SAME).

Code	Use	Position clue
PP	Personal Pronoun — "him/her/it/them"	Oblique case; αὐτός stands alone (no article before it modifying a noun)
INT	Intensive Adjective — "himself/herself"	Predicate position: αὐτός near article-noun but NO article directly before αὐτός
SAME	Identical Adjective — "the same"	Attributive position: article DIRECTLY before αὐτός

Decision rule: (1) Is there an article directly before αὐτός? → SAME. (2) Is αὐτός next to an article-noun phrase but with no article directly before it? → INT. (3) Otherwise (oblique, standing alone) → PP.

Greek Phrase

Case

Number

Gender

Use (PP/INT/SAME)

λέγει αὐτῷ

D · S · M · PP — "he says to him"

αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος

N · S · M · INT — "the Lord himself" — predicate position

ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος

N · S · M · SAME — "the same word" — article before αὐτός

βλέπω αὐτόν

A · S · M · PP — "I see him"

αὐτὴ ἡ γυνή

N · S · F · INT — "the woman herself"

ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τόπῳ

D · S · M · SAME — "in the same place"

ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς

D · P · M · PP — "he gave to them"

αὐτοὶ οἱ μαθηταί

N · P · M · INT — "the disciples themselves"

τὸ αὐτὸ πνεῦμα

N · S · N · SAME — "the same spirit"

ἤκουσαν αὐτῆς

G · S · F · PP — "they heard her"

αὐτὸς Ἰησοῦς

N · S · M · INT — "Jesus himself" (predicate position; cf. John 4:2)

ἡ αὐτὴ ἐντολή

N · S · F · SAME — "the same commandment"

ἀπέστειλεν αὐτούς

A · P · M · PP — "he sent them"

ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ

G · S · M · PP — "his word" (genitive of possession)

αὐτὴ εἶπεν

N · S · F · INT — "she herself said" (emphatic subject)

τῆς αὐτῆς χάριτος

G · S · F · SAME — "of the same grace"

εἶδεν αὐτά

A · P · N · PP — "he saw them"

αὐτοὶ ἐλάλησαν

N · P · M · INT — "they themselves spoke" (emphatic subject)

τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀδελφοῖς

D · P · M · SAME — "to the same brothers"

πιστεύει εἰς αὐτήν

A · S · F · PP — "he believes in her/it"