Chapter 33 — Qal–Piel–Pual Contrast Drill (Weak Roots)

BBH Chapter 33 · Pual Weak Verbs

Each triplet shows the same weak root in Qal, Piel, and Pual. For each form: (1) identify the stem, (2) parse fully, (3) translate.

StemR1 vowel (Perfect 3ms)R2 / EndFunction
QalVariable (Qamets, etc.)Normal for weak typeSimple active
PielHiriq (or Tsere)Dagesh Forte in R2Intensive active
PualQibbuts (or Holem if R2 guttural)Dagesh Forte in R2Passive of Piel
III-ה Pual perfect 3ms: ends in ָּה (Qamets-heh) — the ה quiesces and the Qibbuts + dagesh pattern appears in R1–R2.
I-Guttural / R2-guttural: gutturals reject dagesh forte — look for compensatory lengthening (Qibbuts → Holem, hiriq → Tsere).
Triplet 1 — Root: גלה (III-ה)
#FormStemConjugationPGNTranslation
1גֻּלָּה
PualPerfect3ms"he was revealed / uncovered"  ·  Qibbuts under ג + dagesh forte in ל + final ָה; III-ה Pual pattern
2גָּלָה
QalPerfect3ms"he went into exile / uncovered"  ·  Qamets under ג; final ָה is the III-ה perfect 3ms ending; no dagesh in ל
3גִּלָּה
PielPerfect3ms"he revealed / uncovered"  ·  hiriq under ג + dagesh forte in ל + final ָה; Piel of III-ה root
Triplet 2 — Root: כלה (III-ה)
#FormStemConjugationPGNTranslation
4כִּלָּה
PielPerfect3ms"he completed / finished off"  ·  hiriq under כ + dagesh in ל + final ָה; transitive/factitive of כלה
5כֻּלָּה
PualPerfect3ms"he was finished / consumed"  ·  Qibbuts under כ + dagesh in ל + final ָה; passive of Piel
6כָּלָה
QalPerfect3ms"he finished / ceased"  ·  intransitive: to come to an end; Qamets under כ; no dagesh in ל
Triplet 3 — Root: ברך (R2 = ר rejects dagesh)
#FormStemConjugationPGNTranslation
7בָּרַךְ
QalPerfect3ms"he knelt"  ·  Qamets under ב; no dagesh in ר (ר never takes dagesh); rare Qal usage
8בֹּרַךְ
PualPerfect3ms"he was blessed"  ·  Holem under ב (Pual Qibbuts lengthened; ר rejects dagesh forte in R2) + Pathach
9בֵּרַךְ
PielPerfect3ms"he blessed"  ·  Tsere under ב (Piel stem vowel lengthened from hiriq; ר rejects dagesh → compensatory lengthening)
Triplet 4 — Root: ענה (III-ה, I-Guttural ע)
#FormStemConjugationPGNTranslation
10עֻנָּה
PualPerfect3ms"he was afflicted"  ·  Qibbuts under ע + dagesh forte in ן + final ָה; ע takes Qibbuts (gutturals prefer a-class but Qibbuts appears here)
11עִנָּה
PielPerfect3ms"he afflicted / humbled"  ·  ענה II; hiriq under ע (guttural accepts hiriq) + dagesh in ן + final ָה
12עָנָה
QalPerfect3ms"he answered"  ·  ענה I; Qamets under ע + final ָה; ע is guttural but causes no change in Qal perfect 3ms
Triplet 5 — Root: חיה (III-ה)
#FormStemConjugationPGNTranslation
13חִיָּה
PielPerfect3ms"he kept alive"  ·  hiriq under ח + dagesh forte in י + final ָה; Piel of III-ה with yod as R2
14חָיָה
QalPerfect3ms"he lived"  ·  III-ה root; Qamets under ח; final ָה; ח is guttural (R1) but doesn't change 3ms perfect form
15חֻיָּה
PualPerfect3ms"he was kept alive"  ·  Qibbuts under ח + dagesh forte in י + final ָה; Pual of III-ה; passive of Piel חִיָּה